^ii^  ^,. 


m 


r   -*-    "^  •l"  \    "~^ 


}     '^Vi<.i      '    '..'< 


fr- 


^ 

^ 


2 


'''^ 


i^^Sf^^W^ 


'TC:y^ 


•^il-f\^>n\ 


-c'-7 


i&^;' 


^ 


# 


^li.^-wvV    yJrr//  A. 


,  .\M»v<2> 


i  r/^?'pc; 


./  H 


/ 


or 


^^ 


j.x>* 


PORTRAIT     OF     THE     AUTHOR. 


C  A  S  T  I  N  E 

^ajeft   anil   ^tt^mt 


THE    ANCIENT    SETTLEMENT    OF    PENTAGOET 
AND    THE    MODERN    TOWN 


GEORGE    AUGUSTUS    WHEELER,    A.M.,    M.D. 


'One  of  those  old  towns  —  with  a  history  " 

Holm  ex 


BOSTON 

ROCKWELL    AND     CHURCHILL    PRESS 

1896 


Copyright,  1S96,  by 
GEORGE    A.    WHEELER 


F 


To 

<B]}Z  Sons   anti   ©nugljters 

OF   THE   TOWN    OF 

CASTTINK 

WHERESOEVER    THEIR     PRESENT    ABODE     MAY     BE 

THIS    VOLUME 

PUBLISHED    IN   THE    FIRST    CENTENNIAL    YEAR 

AFTER   THE 

INCORPORATION    OF   THE   TOWN 

IS   DEDICHTED 


f^Rf^r^f;? 


NOTE 


THE  continued  and  increasing  demand  for  copies  of  "  The 
History  of  Castine,  Brooksville,  and  Penobscot,"  published 
in  1875,  has  induced  me  to  offer  this  volume  to  the  public.  It 
contains  all  the  matter  of  interest  to  the  general  reader  that  is 
in  the  larger  book,  together  with  such  added  information  as  has 
come  to  my  knowledge  since  the  other  was  published.  A 
rearrangement  of  chapters  has  been  made,  and  some  attempt 
to  make  the  book  useful  to  tourists  by  mentioning  the  places  of 
special    interest  at  the  present  day   and   calling    attention  to  the 

attractions  of  modern  Castine. 

G.  A.  W. 


(iv) 


CONTENTS, 


Pari  First. 


Aborigines, 


HISTORICAL. 

Chapter 

I.  Early  Explorers.  —  Ancient  Names. 

II.  French    Settlements 

III.  The   Castin   Family 

IV.  The   First   Permanent   Settlers 
V.  Period    of   the    Revolution    . 

VI.     Incorporation.  —  British   Occupation   of   1815 
VII.     Later   Annals    of   the    Town 


Page 
1 
5 
13 
24 
27 
46 
56 


Part  Second. 


MODERN    CASTINE. 

I.     Interesting   Historical   Places.  —  Relics     .         .  69 
II.     Cottages,  Churches,  Walks   and   Drives,  Boat- 
ing, Canoe  Trips,  etc.          .....  83 

III.     Hotels,  Routes,  etc.        ......  100 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


Map   of   Castixe   and   Vicinity 

Portrait  of   the   Author 

View   of   Castine 

Winona,  Maid   of   the   Mist 

Old   Fire-Engine 

The   Hooke   House     . 

Plan   of  French   Fort   in   1070 

Ideal   Portrait    of   Baron    Castin 

Former   Whitney   House  (The  "Castle") 

Portrait   of   Hon.  J.  W.  Casting,  M.P. 

Portrait   of   Mr.  John   Perkins 

Old   Meetixg-House.     View   on   Court   Street 

Trask's    Rock 

Stairway   of   Mr.   George   H.  Witherle's   House 
View   in  Witherle    Park  .         .         •         •         • 
Looking   up   Main   Street  .... 

The   Common        

Mr.  Charles   H.  Hooper's   Residence      . 

Block-House 

View   on   Perkins   Street  .... 

Portrait   of   Doctor  Joseph   L.  Stevens 
Mr.    Noah   Brooks   in   his   Library 
Cystine   Harbor   and   Normal   School  Building 

(vii) 


Cover 

Facing  title-page 

ix 

1 

4 


fa 


cing  1 1 
13 
19 
23 
25 
29 
32 
35 
39 
43 
47 
51 
54 
56 
58 
59 
61 


viii  Illustrations. 

Page 

Residence   of   the   late   Hon.  C.  J.  Abbot     ...  64 

The   U.S.S.   "Castine"   and   Fruit   Dish          ...  65 

Oakum   Bay 68 

Ruins   of   the   French   Fort 72 

Fokt   George       .........  73 

Map   of   Batteries 75 

Castine   House    .........  77 

The  "  Castine  "  Coins .80 

The  "Copper   Plate"          .         .         .         .         .         .         .  81 

Agoncy  Cottage          ........  83 

The  Wilson   Cottage 85 

Otter   Rock   Cottage          .......  87 

Belmont   Cottage        ........  89 

WiNONAH   Cottage       .         .         .         .         .         .         .         .  91 

The   Fuller   Cottage 93 

Residence   of   Mr.  A.  J.  Morgrage,  North    Castine     .  95 

Ferrt-Boat   at   North    Castine        .....  97 

Acadian   Hotel   .........  100 

Pentagoet   House        ........  101 

Cliff   at   Dyce's   Head 104 

The  Dyce's  Head  Lighthouse  ....  Facing  Index  106 


PART   FIRST. 


FRR  easivJard   o'er   tl:\e   lovely   bay, 
Per\obscot's   clustered   ^^Jigv^airis   lay  ; 
Iir\d   ger\tly  frorq  tl\at    Iridiaii  tov^n 
Tt\e  Verdant  l\ill-side   slopes   ado^-A^ri 
To   vPliere   ttie   sparK^ing   voters  play 
Upor\  ttie   yellov   saT\ds   below. 

Whittier  — il/o^^  Megone. 


THIS  is  tl\e  place,— stand   still,  ii\y   steed T 
Let   cqe   reVieV   tl:\e   scei\e, 
ilrid   sUii\n\or\  froiq   tl\e    stjadoVy   past 
Tt\e   forrqs   ttiat   or\ce   t^aVe   beeql 

Longfellow  —  A  Gleam  of  Sunshine. 


(ix) 


CASTINE 

PAST    AND    PRESENT 


CHAPTER   I. 

EARLY   EXPLORERS.  —  ANCIENT    NAMES.— 
ABORIGINES. 

THE  town  of  Castine  Avas  named  in  honor  of  its  first 
known  white  settler,  —  Baron  Jean  Vincent  de 
Saint  Castin,  a  Erencli  nobleman  from  the  province  of 
Oleron.  It  constituted,  just  before  receiving  its  present 
name,  the  more  important  though  smaller  part  of  the 
town  of  Penobscot. 

Long  before  the  advent  of  any  Europeans  its  wooded 
shores  were  tenanted  by  the  red-men.  The  national  des- 
ignation of  these  savages  was  the  Etchemins,  The  par- 
ticular tribe  which  made  the  peninsula  of  Castine  their 
headquarters  were  called  Tavratines,  and,  under  the  name 
of  Penobscots,  still  live  at  Oldtown,  as  wards  of  the  State. 
These  Indians  have  always  been  somewhat  different  from 
those  occupying  the  Western  plains,  and  even  from  the 
Massachusetts  tribes.  The  description  of  them  given  by 
Father  Biard  in  1()16,  as  to  their  personal  appearance, 
with  the  exception  of  the  last  paragraph  will  apply  to 


2  Ancient  Castine. 

them  to-day.  They  are,  he  says,  "  nomads,  haunting  the 
woods,  and  much  scattered  because  they  live  by  the  chase, 
by  the  fruits  of  the  earth,  and  by  fishing.  They  are 
almost  beardless,  and  in  general  are  a  little  smaller  and 
more  slender  than  we  are,  without  lacking,  however,  in 
grace  or  dignity.  Their  complexion  is  slightly  tanned. 
They  generally  paint  their  faces,  and  in  mourning  blacken 
them."  The  most  noteworthy  of  their  chieftains  was 
Madockawando,  both  on  account  of  his  disposition  and 
personal  character,  and  on  account  of  the  influence  he 
exerted  over  other  sachems,  but  still  more  for  having 
been  the  father-in-law  of  the  Baron  de  Saint  Castin. 

Historians,  for  the  most  parfc,  agree  that  though  brave 
he  was  peaceably  inclined,  and  that  the  prisoners  under 
his  keeping  were  remarkably  well  treated.  Madocka- 
wando died  in  1697,  and  was  succeeded  by  Wenamouet. 
Orono,  who  is  represented  as  a  man  of  exemplary  char- 
acter, and  who  was  reputed  to  be  a  son  of  the  Baron  de 
Saint  Castin,  was  also  at  one  time  a  sachem  of  the  tribe. 
The  town  of  Orono,  in  Penobscot  county,  commemorates 
his  name. 

The  eastern  section  of  Maine  was  one  of  the  first  por- 
tions of  the  continent  visited  by  the  early  explorers. 
Champlain  is  commonly  supposed  to  have  been  the  first 
European  to  have  landed  (atout  1604)  upon  these  shores. 
There  is  some,  though  perhaps  not  very  trustworthy,  au- 
thority for  believing  that  there  may  have  been  a  French 
fishing  or  trading  station  in  this  vicinity  prior  to  the 
year  1556.  Penobscot  river  and  bay  were  explored  in 
the  year  1605  by  George  Weymouth  and  his  companions. 
One  of  these  was  James  Rosier,  in  honor  of  whom  the 


Ear/}'  Explorers.  3 

cape  at  the  soiitli-western  extremity  of  the  town  of 
Brooksville,  near  Avhich  he  is  said  to  have  anchored  his 
vessel,  received  its  name.  A  colony  was  sent  here  from 
France  in  1613,  but  made  a  settlement  at  Mount  Desert 
instead,  called  Saint  Sauvenr.  This  settlement  was, 
however,  broken  up  by  the  English  the  same  summer 
that  it  was  commenced  and  the  settlers  scattered. 
Whether  any  of  them  came  to  this,  the  place  of  their 
original  destination,  can  only  be  surmised.  There  is 
little  doubt  that  the  French  were  here  as  early  as  1614, 
and  may  have  had  a  fort  here  at  the  time,  though  if  so 
it  must  soon  have  been  abandoned  or  destroyed. 

An  examination  of  almost  all  of  the  early  charts  of  the 
coast  will  show  that  the  Penobscot  bay  and  river  were 
quite  particular!}^,  though  very  curiously,  delineated.  The 
river  was  known  then  by  the  various  names  of  Agoncy, 
Norumbegue,  Rio  Grande,  and  Rio  Hermoso,  —  the  beau- 
tiful river.  Its  appellation  of  Penobscot  was  given  on 
account  of  its  rocky  shores,  such  being  the  meaning  of 
the  original  Indian  word  —  Penopscauk.  The  meaning 
of  the  name  Pentagoet,  called  by  the  Dutch  Pountegouy- 
cet,  and  by  the  British  Pemptegouet,  which  was  applied 
by  tli'e  French  to  the  peninsula  of  Castine,  is  a  matter  of 
some  difference  of  opinion.  It  is  without  doubt  the 
French  pronunciation  of  an  Indian  name,  and  is 
thought  to  mean  "  The  entrance  of  the  river."  The  arm 
of  the  sea  which  is  now  known  as  the  Bagaduce  river, 
was  in  former  times  called  Matchebiguatus,  and  was 
known  during  the  period  of  the  Revolution  as  Maja- 
Bagaduce.  It  is  an  Indian  designation,  and  there  is  a 
tradition  among  the  Penobscot  Indians  that  it  received 


4  Ancient  Castine. 

its  appellation  from  the  circumstance  of  an  infant  being 
swept  away  by  the  rising  tide  from  its  mother's  arms  as 
the  two  lay  sleeping,  on  a  summer's  day,  on  the  beach 
between  high  and  low  water  mark.  The  ablest  students 
of  the  Indian  dialects,  liowever,  are  agreed  that  the 
meaning  of  the  word  is,  "  At  the  place  where  there  is  no 
safe  harbor,-'  —  of  course,  for  the  sheltering  of  canoes 
left  in  the  water,  as  the  Indians  had  no  large  vessels. 
The  name  is  inappropriate  at  the  present  day. 


OLD     FIRE-ENGINE. 


CHAPTER  11. 

FRENCH  SETTLEMENT. 

rpHE  first  attempt  at  anything  like  a  permanent  set- 
-L  tlement  was  made  in  1629  by  Isaac  Allerton,  under 
direction  of  the  Plymouth  Colony,  avIio  established  here 
a  trading-house  for  the  purpose  of  bartering  for  furs 
with  the  Indians.  This  trading-house,  like  all  others  of 
that  period,  was  undoubtedly  built  for  defence  also,  and 
was  probably  surrounded  by  a  stockade.  The  site  of  it  is 
purely  conjectural,  but  all  the  proliabilities  are  in  favor  of 
its  being  at  the  place  where  D'Aulney's  fort  Avas  shortly 
after  erected. 

The  Plymouth  Colony  held  possession  of  the  place  for 
abou.t  six  years,  though  not  without  some  opposition. 
In  June,  1632,  a  French  vessel,  commanded  by  a  French- 
man from  Nova  Scotia,  visited  the  place  during  the  tem- 
porary absence  of  the  commander  of  the  station  witli  most 
of  his  men,  and  attacking  the  few  remaining  keepers  of 
the  trading-house,  compelled  them  to  surrender.  After 
seizing  property  to  the  value  of  £500  they  left,  with  a 
message  to  Allerton  "  to  remember  the  Isle  of  Re,"  allud- 
ing to  the  brilliant  success  of  the  French  at  the  Isle  of 
Re,  in  France,  in  1627. 

Three  years  later,  Charles  de  Menou  d'Aulney  de  Cliar- 
nissy,  who  was  a  subordinate  officer  under  General  Razil- 
lai,  the  Governor  of  Acadia,  attacked  the  trading-house 


6  Ancient  Castine. 

and  drove  off  its  occupants.  The  Plymouth  Colony  soon 
attempted  to  regain  possession,  and  Captain  Girling,  of 
the  "Hope,"  a  ship  hired  at  Ipswich,  Mass.,  accompanied 
by  Miles  Standish,  attacked  the  place  unsuccessfully, 
although  it  was  held  by  only  eighteen  men.  Had  the 
captain  listened  to  the  advice  of  Standish,  and  not  com- 
menced his  attack  until  he  got  close  in,  he  might  have 
succeeded.  He  actually  used  up  his  powder  before  he 
got  near  enough  to  do  any  harm.  Thus  terminated  the 
occupation  of  the  place  by  the  Plymouth  Colony. 

General  Razillai,  Commander  of  Acadia,  gave  the  sub- 
ordinate command  of  all  the  countr}^  to  the  eastward  of 
the  St.  Croix  river  to  Charles  St.  Estienne  de  La  Tour, 
and  of  all  the  country  to  the  westward  of  that  river  — 
as  far  as  the  French  claim  extended  —  to  Monsieur 
Charles  de  Menou  d'Aulney.  Pentagoet  therefore  came 
under  the  control  of  D'Aulney. 

After  the  death  of  Razillai,  which  occurred  in  the  year 
1635,  D'Aulne}^  and  La  Tour  both  claimed  the  supreme 
command  in  Acadia.  The  quarrel  which  ensued  between 
them  lasted  many  years,  and  during  its  continuance  a 
bitter  contest  was  waged,  with  varying  success,  between 
these  two  leaders  and  their  respective  adherents.  La 
Tour  applied  for  assistance  to  the  government  of  Massa- 
chusetts. The  rulers  of  that  Commonwealth  consented 
to  his  hiring  ships  and  men  to  carry  on  his  contest.  He 
accordingly  hired  four  vessels,  and  with  eighty  men 
attacked  D'Aulne}^,  at  St.  Croix,  who  fled  to  Pentagoet, 
where  he  remained  unmolested  until  1643,  when  La  Tour 
attempted  the  capture  of  the  place.  Although  the  com- 
mander-in-chief of  the  vessels  hired  at  Boston  would  not 


French  Settlement.  7 

himself  make  any  assault  upon  D'Aulney,  yet  thirty  of 
the  Kew  England  men,  probably  infiaenced  by  their  sym- 
pathy for  La  Tour  on  account  of  his  Protestantism,  volun- 
tarily joined  him  and  drove  some  of  D'Aulney's  force  from 
a  mill  where  they  had  fortified  themselves.  Three  of 
D'Aulney's  men  were  killed  in  this  conflict  and  three  of 
La  Tour's  were  wounded.  T'hey  set  fire  to  the  mill  and 
burned  sojue  standing  corn. 

In  the  summer  following  La  Tour,  hearing  that  the  fort 
which  D'Aulney  had  built  (presumably  on  the  site  of  the 
former  trading-house)  was  very  weakly  manned,  de- 
spatched Mr.  Wannerton,  of  Piscataqua,  and  some  other 
English  gentlemen,  who  were  with  him  at  the  time,  to- 
gether with  about  twenty  of  his  own  men,  to  capture 
the  place.  They  went  to  the  farmhouse  of  D'Aulney's, 
situated  about  six  miles  from  the  fort,  probably  at  what  is 
now  known  as  Winslow's  Cove,  in  Penobscot.  Wanner- 
ton  and  two  of  his  men  knocked  at  the  door  of  the  house. 
The  door  was  opened  by  one  of  the  inmates,  another 
immediately  shot  Wannerton  fatally,  while  a  third 
wounded  one  of  Wannerton's  companions  in  the  shoul- 
der, but  was  immediately  killed  in  return.  The  rest 
of  the  company  now  came  in,  took  possession  of  the 
house,  and  made  the  two  remaining  men  prisoners. 
After  killing  all  the  cattle,  they  burned  the  house  and  at 
once  embarked  for  Boston.  On  the  eighth  day  of  Octo- 
ber following  articles  of  peace  were  concluded  between 
D'Aulney  and  John  Endicott,  Governor  of  New  England. 
La  Tour,  however,  was  allowed  to  hire  vessels  to  carry 
supplies  to  his  fort  at  St.  Croix.  This  gave  offence  to 
D'Aulney,  who  became   troublesome  and  seized  all  the 


8  Ancient  Casiine. 

vessels  he  could  that  attempted  to  trade  with  La  Tour. 
D'Aulney  retained  quiet  possession  of  his  fort  from  this 
time  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1651.  The  long- 
continued  and  bitter  quarrel  between  these  two  rivals  for 
supremacy  had  a  very  romantic  ending,  though  one  not, 
perhaps,  to  be  much  wondered  at  in  view  of  the  times 
and  circumstances.  La  Tour  married  the  widow  of  his 
late  foe  within  one  year  after  the  death  of  the  latter  ! 
After  this.  La  Tour  exercised  authority  over  the  place 
for  about  two  years.  He  was,  however,  here  in  per- 
son but  seldom,  his  principal  residence  being  at  St. 
John,  N.B. 

D'Aulney  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  to  teach  the 
Indians  in  this  region  the  use  of  fire-arms.  While  D'Aul- 
ney and  La  Tour  belonged  to  the  nobility,  the  French  set- 
tlers under  them  belonged  to  the  poorest  class  of  the 
peasantry  of  that  age,  and  were  alike  ignorant  and 
depraved,  superstitious  and  bigoted. 

Fentagoet  was  taken  in  1654  by  the  English,  under 
orders  from  Cromwell,  but  the  French  settlers  were 
allowed  to  remain.  As  a  result  of  the  war  between  Eng- 
land and  France  the  province  of  jSTova  Scotia  was,  by  the 
treaty  of  Breda,  surrendered  to  the  French  July  31, 1667. 
In  February,  1668,  another  article  was  added  to  this 
treaty,  ceding  the  whole  of  Acadia  to  the  French,  and 
specifying  Pentagoet  by  name.  The  place  was  not 
actuall}^  given  up,  however,  until  1670,  when  Capt. 
Richard  "Walker  made  a  formal  surrender  of  it  to  INIon- 
sieur  Hubert  d'Andigny,  Chevalier  de  Grandfontaine. 
Grandfontaine  was  instructed  by  the  French  king  to 
make  this  place  his   headquarters,  and  to   put  it  in  a 


French  Settlement.  9 

complete  state  of  defence;  also  to  promote  business 
and  traffic  along  the  coast,  especially  the  fisheries  and 
preparing  of  furs.  The  English  who  were  here  were 
allowed  to  remain,  upon  taking  an  oath  of  allegiance  to 
the  French  crown,  and  some  of  them  may  have  accepted 
the  privilege.  All  others,  however,  were  obliged  to  have 
a  special  jierinit  from  the  king  in  order  to  do  business 
here. 

Fort  Pentagoet  was  erected  to  preserve  the  French 
title  to  the  Penobscot  as  the  western  boundary  of  Aca- 
dia. Its  condition  at  the  time  of  its  capture  by  the 
English  is  not  known.  Probably  it  Avas  greatly  enlarged 
by  them  afterwards.  Its  condition  at  the  time  of  its  sur- 
render back  to  Grandfontaine  is  thus  given  : 

Conditloyi  of  the  Fort  and  post  of  Pentagoet  as  it  was 
in  the  year  1670,  the  sixth  of  August,  when  the  English 
surrendered  It. 

First,  a  fort  with  four  bastions,  well  flanked,  which 
bastions,  taking  them  as  far  as  the  verge  of  the  terrace 
inside,  are  sixteen  feet. 

The  terraces  on  the  inside  are  eight  feet  within  the 
curtains. 

On  entering  in  at  the  said  fort  there  is  upon  the  left 
hand  a  guard-house  that  is  from  twelve  to  thirteen  paces 
in  length  and  six  in  breadth. 

Upon  the  same  side  is  a  low  magazine  with  another  of 
equal  size  and  leugth,  being  thirty-six  paces  in  length 
and  about  twelve  in  breadth,  covered  with  shingles, 
under  which  magazines  there  is  a  small  cellar  nearly 
half  as  large  as  the  magazines,  in  Avhich  there  is  a  Avell. 


10  Ancient  Castine. 

Upon  the  right  hand  on  entering  into  said  fort  there 
is  a  house  of  the  same  size  as  the  aforesaid  guard-house, 
in  wliich  there  are  three  rooms. 

Above  the  passage  which  is  between  tlie  guard-ho\ise 
and  the  house  wliich  is  upon  the  right,  there  is  a  chapel, 
eight  paces  in  length  and  six  in  breadth,  built  of  timber, 
and  with  mud  walls  [bouzillage],  upon  which  is  a  small 
steeple,  in  which  is  a  metallic  bell  weighing  eighteen 
pounds,  the  whole  covered  with  shingles. 

Upon  the  right  hand  is  a  house,  of  the  like  length  and 
breadth  as  the  magazine,  of  the  same  character  except 
that  it  is  not  all  covered,  and  that  it  has  no  cellar.  All 
of  which  houses  are  built  of  stone  from  Mayenne,  [in 
the  places]  where  a  little  repair  is  necessary. 

Sixty  paces  from  the  place  there  is  a  shed  — -  half  cov- 
ered with  plank  —  twenty-five  paces  long  and  twelve 
wide,  which  serves  to  house  the  cattle. 

About  one  hundred  and  forty  paces  from  the  place 
there  is  a  garden,  which  has  been  found  in  quite  good 
condition,  in  which  there  are  seventy  or  eighty  feet  of 
fruit  trees. 

In  regard  to  the  artillery  upon  the  rampart  of  the  said 
fort,  the  following  cannon  were  found,  first : 

Six  iron  guns  carrying  six-pound  balls,  two  having  new 
carriages  and  the  other  four  old,  and  the  wheels  new, 
which  six  pieces  weigh,  according  to  their  marks. 

One         .......  1800  pounds. 

One 1230       '' 

Three  others 1500       '' 

One 1350       " 


k 


DESCRIPTION    OP   FORT   PENTAQOET. 


i'he  Parade  "  —  q  ploce  cleared  for  military  purposes  —  eoioe 
e  magazine,  which  Is  about  thirty  paces  long  aud   tlftei^ii 

building  npoQ  the  other  side  of  the  gunrd-h 
^e,  upon  which  there  ia  a  Bmall  ch 
■aoee  of  t 


M   Another  platfori 
pieces,  two  eight-poui 


building  of  the 
iDce  to  the  fort. 

carry  eight-pound  ballH. 


ten  paces  long  and  ten 


inel  [of  a.  brook]  to  prest 
m  being  wusbed] 


How  of  the  s< 
the  earth,  whloh  supportf 


It  udvontageoua  spring  o 


French  Settlement.  11 

Besides,  two  pieces  carrying  two-pound  balls,  having 
old  carriages  and  new  wheels,  weighing 

One 1310  pounds. 

The  other 1232       " 

Besides,  two  iron  culverins,  three-pounders,  with  their 
carriages  old  and  wdieels  new,  weighing  each  925  pounds. 

Besides,  upon  a  platforna  overlooking  the  sea  and  out- 
side of  the  fort,  two  iron  guns  carrying  an  eight-pound 
ball,  having  new  carriages. 

One  weighing 3200  pounds. 

The  other 3100        " 

In  the  fort  is  found  200  bullets  from  three  to  eight 
pounds  in  size.  Lastly,  upon  the  ramparts  there  are  six 
iron  guns  without  stock,  and  dismounted,  that  they  judge 
to  weigh  1200  pounds. 

To  supplement  the  foregoing  description,  copies  of  the 
original  plans  of  the  fort,  obtained  from  the  archives  of 
the  French  Marine,  through  the  kindness  of  Monsieur 
Henry  Vignaud,  Secretary  of  the  American  Legation  at 
Paris,  are  here  presented. 

One  of  the  most  noticeable  things  shown  by  a  compari- 
son of  the  plans  with  the  description  given  above,  is  the 
size  of  the  fort.  It  was  very  much  larger  than  one  would 
at  all  imagine,  to  judge  merely  from  what  can  be  seen  to- 
day, and  was  also,  for  that  period,  well  mounted,  having 
sixteen  guns,  and  all  but  one  commanding  the  water 
front.      From   the    descriptive   text   accompanying   the 


12  Ancient  CastUie. 

second  plan  it  appears  that  the  chapel,  presumably  that 
of  "  Our  Lady  of  Holy  Hope,  "  was  built  over  the  gate- 
way, and  was  doubtless  entered  from  the  rampart.  The 
by-place,  or  small  redoubt,  marked  "J,"  was  probably 
where  the  sentinel  guarding  the  gate  was  stationed.  The 
remains  of  this  fort  are  still  visible,  and  are  to  be  seen 
on  entering  the  harbor.  They  are  situated  on  Perkins 
street,  two  lots  below  the  "  Agoncy  "  cottage,  and  will  be 
referred  to  in  a  subsequent  chapter. 

Grandfontaine  resided  here  in  command  of  the  fort  for 
about  four  years.  He  remarks  in  a  letter  Avritten  at  the 
time  that  the  air  here  is  rery  good,  an  assertion  not  diffi- 
cult to  substantiate  to-day.  The  population  here  in 
1671  consisted  of  thirty-one  souls.  In  1673  Grandfon- 
taine was  succeeded  by  Monsieur  de  Chambly.  In  1674 
an  Englishman,  named  John  Rhoades,  gained  access  to 
the  fort  in  disguise,  remained  some  four  days,  and  re- 
turning with  the  crew  of  a  Flemish  corsair,  named  the 
"  Flying  Horse  "  and  carrying  two  hundred  men,  sur- 
prised the  garrison.  The  soldiers  defended  themselves 
bravely  for  an  hour,  until  Chambly  received  a  musket-shot 
in  the  body,  and  his  ensign  was  also  wounded.  The  pi- 
rates pillaged  the  fort,  took  away  all  the  guns,  and  carried 
away  Chambly  and  Marson.  Two  years  later  the  fort 
was  again  captured  by  the  Dutch.  Several  vessels  were, 
however,  shortly  sent  from  Boston,  and  they  were  driven 
off.  Baron  Castin  then  took  the  charge  of  the  fortiiica- 
tion,  and  retained  it  as  long  as  it  was  kept  up. 


IDEAL     PORTRAIT     OF     BARON     CASTINE. 


CHAPTER   III. 

THE   CASTIN  FAMILY. 

Lo!  the  young  Bavon  of  St.  Castine, 
Swift  as  the  wind  is,  and  as  wild, 
Has  married  a  dusky  Tarratine  — 
Has  married  Madocawando's  child ! 

Longfellow —  The  Baron  of  St.  Castine. 

One  whot^e  bearded  cheek 
And  white  and  wrinkled  brow  bespeak 

A  wanderer  from  the  shores  of  France. 
A  few  long  locks  of  scattering  «now 
Beneath  a  battered  morion  flow, 
And  from  the  rivets  of  his  vest, 
Which  girds  in  steel  his  ample  breast, 

The  slanted  sunbeams  glance. 
In  the  harsh  outlines  of  his  face 
Passion  and  sin  have  left  their  trace; 
Yet,  save  worn  brow  and  thin  gray  hair, 
No  signs  of  weary  age  are  there. 

His  step  is  firm,  his  eye  is  keen, 
Nor  years  in  broil  and  battle  spent, 
Nor  toil,  nor  wounds,  nor  pain,  had  bent 

The  lordly  frame  of  old  Castine. 

WuiTTiER  —  Mogg  Megone. 

TIAEOX  CASTIXwas  born  at  Oleron,  near  the  bor- 
-*-^  der  of  the  Pyrenees,  France.  He,  doubtless, 
possessed  a  fair  knowledge  of  the  niilitary  arts  of  the 
period  in  which  he  lived,  as  he  was  at  one  time  a 
colonel  in  the  king's  body-guard.  He  was  afterwards 
commander  of  a  somewhat  celebrated  regiment,  called 
the  "  Carignan  Salieres,"  which  was  sent  over  to  Quebec  to 
restrain  the  incursions  of  the  Mohawk  Indians  about  the 


14  Ancient  Castine. 

year  1665.  The  next  year  the  regiment  was  disbanded 
and  Castin  dismissed  from  the  army  on  that  account. 
He  in  all  probability  felt  chagrined  and  incensed  at  his 
dismissal.  However  this  may  have  been,  he  determined 
to  remain  in  this  country  and  to  take  up  his  abode  with 
the  Indians.  Perhaps  a  grant  from  the  king  of  a  con- 
siderable quantity  of  land  had  something  to  do  with  his 
choice.  He  came  to  this  peninsula,  it  is  believed,  that 
same  year,  1666,  and  erected  a  safe  and  commodious  resi- 
dence. About  the  year  1687  or  1688  he  married  Madock- 
awando's  daughter.  Her  baptismal  name  was  Mathilde. 
He  had  two  sons  and  a  daughter  whom  he  recognized  as 
legitimate,  —  Anselm,  Joseph  Dabidis,  and  Anastasie. 
He  had  at  least  one  child,  Therese,  by  another  mother. 
The  character  attributed  to  Castin  differs  according  to 
the  various  prepossessions  of  those  describing  him.  By 
nearly  all  of  his  contemporaries  he  is  represented  as  a 
man  of  good  abilities,  very  daring  and  enterprising,  of 
very  fascinating  address  and  manners,  and  as  possessing 
a  comi^etent  education.  He  was  liberal  and  kindly  in  his 
feelings,  and  a  devout  Catholic  in  his  religion.  He  was 
held  in  high  esteem  by  the  French  in  general,  by  whom  he 
was  considered  a  man  of  sound  understanding,  and  one 
desirous  of  meriting  respect.  His  relations,  however, 
with  the  governor.  Monsieur  Perrot,  were  not  very  ami- 
cable, and,  at  one  time,  the  latter  detained  him  seventy 
days  upon  the  charge  of  "  a  weakness  he  had  for  some 
females."  By  the  Indians,  over  whom  he  had  great  con- 
trol, he  was  considered  in  the  light  of  a  tutelar  divinity. 
He  was  feared  as  well  as  hated  by  the  English,  who 
accused  him  of  inciting  the  savages  against  them,  and  of 


TJie  Cas/iii  Family.  15 

providing  them  with  arms  and  ammunition.  They  made 
several  attempts  to  induce  liim  to  desert  the  French 
cause,  and  Mr.  Palmer,  a  judge  at  New  York,  at  one 
time  offered  him  a  grant  of  all  the  lands  he  claimed  as 
his  if  he  would  become  a  subject  of  Great  Britain.  He 
always,  however,  refused  to  recognize  the  English,  and 
thereby  preserved  the  possession  of  the  place  to  the 
French  until  the  year  1693,  when,  seeing  the  futility  of 
further  opposition,  he  gave  in  his  adhesion  to  the  Eng- 
lish crown.  Castin  was  a  man  of  considerable  means, 
having  come  into  an  inheritance  in  France,  about  the 
year  1686,  of  live  thousand  livres  a  year,  a  sum  equiva- 
lent to  about  one  thousand  dollars  of  our  money, 
besides  what  he  must  have  accumulated  in  the  fur 
trade.  His  letters,  many  of  which  are  preserved  in  the 
archives  of  the  French  Marine,  show  him  to  have  been  a 
cautious,  prudent  man,  and  incidentally  show  something 
of  the  trials  to  which  he  was  subjected,  owing  to  his 
isolated  position  and  the  rival  claims  of  England  and 
France  to  the  control  of  this  jDortion  of  Acadia. 

The  dame  Mathilde,  if  Ave  may  credit  tradition  as  well 
as  the  description  of  the  poet,  must  have  been  a  hand- 
some woman.  She  is  said  to  have  been  of  an  unusually 
light  complexion  for  an  Indian,  and  to  have  possessed 

"  A  form  of  beauty  undefined, 
A  loveliness  without  a  name. 
Nor  bold  nor  shy,  nor  short  nor  tall, 
But  a  new  mingling  of  them  all. 
Yes,  beautiful  beyond  belief. 
Transfigured  and  transfused,  he  sees 
The  lady  of  the  Pyrenees, 
The  daughter  of  the  Indian  cliief." 


16  Aticient  Castine. 

-\- 
It  is  unfortunate    that  we  know  nothing    more  of   hev 
except  the  simple  fact    that  she  was  a  convert   to  the 
Roman    Church,    and    belonged    to   the    parish   of    St. 
Famille. 

Anselm  Castin,  the  elder  son,  was  a  chief  sachem  of 
the  Tarratines,  and  also  held  a  commission  from  the 
French  king  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  navy,  with  the 
pay  and  emoluments  of  the  same.  He  had  an  elegant 
French  uniform,  but  usu.ally  dressed  after  the  mode  of 
the  Indians.  He  is  said  to  have  been  mild,  generous, 
humane,  and  magnanimous  in  his  disposition  ;  to  have 
possessed  foresight,  good  sense,  and  cautiousness,  and 
also  to  have  been  a  good  talker.  In  the  expedition 
against  Port  Eoyal,  in  1707,  he  was  sent  from  thence 
with  despatches  to  Governor  Vaudreuil  in  Canada.  He 
spent  a  few  days  with  his  family  here,  Levingstone,  Avho 
accompanied  him,  receiving  from  him  every  mark  of 
hospitality  and  attention.  They  then  proceeded  iip  the 
Penobscot  river.  When  they  reached  the  island  of  Lett, 
which  was  probably  Orphan's  Island,  now  the  town  of 
Verona,  an  Indian,  who  had  recently  joined  them,  at- 
tempted to  kill  Levingstone  with  a  hatchet,  and  would 
have  succeeded  had  not  the  noble-minded  Anselm  thrust 
himself  l)etween  them  and  rescued  him  at  tlie  risk  of  his 
own  life. 

In  1721,  on  account  of  his  having  been  seen  with  a 
party  of  Indians  that  had  lately  a])peared  in  array  at 
Arrowsic,  some  eastern  soldiers,  under  general  orders  to 
seize  all  Indians  found  in  arms,  captured  and  sent  him  to 
Boston.  He  could  not  be  tried  before  the  courts,  and 
he  was  therefore  examined   by  a  committee.     He  pro- 


TJie  Castin  Family.  17 

fessecl  the  highest  respect  and  friendship  for  the  English  5 
said  that  he  had  lately  returned  home  on  purpose  to  pre- 
vent his  tribe  from  doing  mischief;  solemnly  promised 
to  try  to  keep  them  in  a  state  of  peace,  and  was  at  last 
discharged.  His  arrest,  imprisonment,  and  examination 
were  entirely  unjustifiable. 

In  1722  he  visited  Beam,  France,  to  obtain  possession 
of  his  father's  property,  honors,  and  seignorial  rights, 
of  which  he  had  been  deprived  on  the  pretext  of  his 
illegitimacy  by  the  lieutenant-general  of  the  town  of 
Oleron,  who  ranked  as  the  first  "chicanier,"  or  trickiest 
lawyer  of  Europe,  and  who  had  held  the  property  for 
some  years.  This,  too,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  he  had 
the  certificates  of  the  missionaries  and  other  necessary 
evidences  of  the  legality  of  his  claim.  Whether  he  ever 
succeeded  in  getting  possession  of  his  rightful  property 
is  not  known,  but  it  is  most  likely  that  he  was  obliged 
to  content  himself  with  a  small  sum  of  money  and  the 
empty  honor  of  his  father's  title.  He  certainly  returned 
from  France,  as  he  was  known  to  be  in  Acadia  as  late  as 
1731.  He  left  one  son  and  two  daughters.  The  latter 
are  said  to  have  been  married  to  highly  respectable 
men. 

Of  Joseph  Dabadis  de  St.  Castiu,  or  ■'  Castin  the 
Younger,"  but  little  is  known.  He  is  represented  by 
Father  L'Auvergat  —  who,  however,  was  prejudiced 
against  both  him  and  his  brother  —  as  being  frequently 
drunk  and  disorderly,  but  as  having  signalized  himself 
in  contests  with  the  English.  He  was  captured  on  one 
occasion,  and  had  his  vessel  and  an  English  lad,  whom  he 
had  purchased  of  the  Indians,  taken  from  him.      The 


18  Ancient  Castine. 

account  of   this  capture  is  contained  in  tlie  following 
letter  written  by  bini  to  Lieutenant-Governor  Dumnier  : 

''  Pentagoet,  23c1  July,  1725. 

"  Sir  :  T  have  the  honor  to  acquaint  you  that  the  9th 
of  this  present  month,  as  I  rode  at  anchor  in  a  small  har- 
bor, about  three  miles  distant  from  Nesket,  having  with 
me  but  one  Indian  and  one  Englishman  -svhom  I  had  re- 
deemed from  the  salvages,  as  well  as  my  vessel,  I  was 
attacked  by  an  English  vessel,  the  commander  of  which 
called  himself  Lieutenant  of  the  King's  ship,  and  told 
me  also  his  name,  which  I  cannot  remember. 

"  Seeing  myself  thus  attackt  and  not  finding  myself 
able  to  defend  myself,  I  withdrew  into  the  wood,  forsak- 
ing my  vessel.  The  commander  of  the  vessel  called  me 
back  promising  me  with  an  oath  not  to  wrong  me  at  all, 
saying  that  he  was  a  merchant  who  had  no  design  but  to 
trade  and  was  not  fitted  out  for  war,  specially  when  there 
Avas  a  talk  of  peace,  and  presently  set  up  a  flag  of  truce, 
and  even  gave  me  two  safe  conducts  by  writing,  both  of 
which  I  have  unhappily  lost  in  the  fight.  Thus  thinking 
myself  safe  enougli,  I  came  back  on  board  my  vessel,  with 
my  Indian  and  my  Englishman,  whom  I  brought  to 
show  that  I  had  no  thoughts  of  fighting,  and  that  I  had 
redeemed  him  from  the  Indians  as  well  as  the  vessel. 
But  as  I  was  going  to  put  on  my  clothes  to  dress  myself 
more  handsomely  the  commander  who  was  come  in  my 
vessel  with  several  of  his  people  Avould  not  permit  me 
to  do  it,  telling  me  I  was  no  more  master  of  anything. 
He  only  granted  me  after  many  remonstrances  to  set 
me  ashore. 


'•»*»'         '""     •<--•■•»fi'^^^.■r 


The  Castin  Family.  19 

"  But  after  I  came  down  and  they  held  forth  to  nie 
a  bag  full  of  bisket  that  was  given  to  nie  as  they  said  as 
a  payment  for  my  Englishman.  They  did  catch  hold  of 
me  and  the  Indian  who  accompanied  me,  I  got  rid  of  him 
who  was  going  to  seize  upon  me,  but  my  Indian  not  being 
able  to  do  the  same,  I  betook  myself  to  my  arms  —  and 
after  several  volleys  I  killed  the  man  who  kept  him,  and 
got  him  safe  with  me.  This  is  the  second  time  that  I 
have  been  thus  treacherously  used,  which  proceedings  I 
do  not  suppose  that  you  approve  of  being  against  the 
laws  of  nations.  Therefore  I  hope  that  you  will  do  me 
the  justice,  or  that  at  least  you  will  cause  me  to  be  re- 
imbursed of  the  loss  I  have  sustained.     Namely  : 

"  For  the  vessel  that  costed  me  80  French  pistoles  ;  For 
the  Englishman  10  pistoles ;  51  pounds  of  beaver  that 
were  in  the  vessell  with  20  otters,  3  coats  that  have  costed 
me  together  20  pistoles  ;  56  pounds  of  shot  that  costed 
me  twenty  pence  a  pound ;  2  pounds  of  powder  at  4  livres 
a  pound  ;  20  pounds  of  tobacco  at  20  pence  a  pound ;  a 
pair  of  scales  8  livres  ;  Tow  cloth  blankets  each  23  livres  ; 
Tow  bear  skins  8  livres  apiece  ;  4  skins  of  sea  wolf  8  livres 
for  the  four ;  3  axes  15  livres  for  both ;  2  kettles  30  livres 
for  both,  and  several  other  matters,  which  they  Avould 
not  grant  me,  so  much  as  my  cup.  The  retaken  Eng- 
lishman knoweth  the  truth  of  all  this,  his  name  is  Sam- 
uel Trusk  of  the  town  of  Salem  near  to  Marblehead, 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  be 
"  Sir 
''  your  most  humble  &  most 
''  obedient  Servant  Joseph 
"Dabadis  De  St.  Castiist." 


20  Ancient  Castine. 

The  Samuel  Trask  mentioned  above  had  been  pur- 
chased by  Castin  from  the  Indians,  who  held  him  as  a 
captive  under  the  following  circumstances  :  A  season  of 
great  scarcity  occurred,  which  drove  the  Indians  to  the 
cranberry-beds  for  subsistence.  On  one  occasion,  while 
they  Avere  gathering  cranberries,  a  flock  of  wild  geese 
alighted  near  by,  and  Trask's  success  in  capturing  the 
birds  so  commended  him  to  Castin's  favor  that  he  re- 
deemed him.  After  being  taken  from  Castin,  Trask  was 
transferred  to  a  vessel  commanded  by  the  celebrated 
Captain  Kidd,  with  whom  he  remained  for  some  time. 

Anastasie  de  St.  Castin  was  married  Dec.  4,  1707,  by 
Gaulin,  missionary  priest  of  the  Seminary  of  Quebec,  to 
Monsieur  Alexander  le  Borgne  de  Belleisle.  Unfortu- 
nately there  is  no  farther  account  to  be  found  of  her  or 
her  husband. 

The  Baron  Castin's  occupation  of  this  place  Avas  a  very 
precarious  one,  notwithstanding  his  alliance  with  the 
Indians  and  his  vicinity  to  the  fort,  of  which  he  probably 
had  command  for  several  years.  From  1676  to  1686 
he  held  quiet  possession.  In  the  latter  year,  however, 
he  had  trouble  with  Palmer  and  West,  commissioners 
appointed  by  the  governor  of  Sagadahock.  In  1687  he 
was  notified  by  the  government  of  ]N'ew  England  that  he 
must  surrender  the  fort,  but  the  demand  was  not  com- 
plied with.  He  was  engaged  this  year  in  constructing  a 
mill  for  the  commonalty  of  Port  Royal.  In  March  or 
April,  1688,  Sir  Edmond  Andros,  Governor  of  New  Eng- 
land, arrived  in  the  frigate  •''  Rose,"  commanded  by  Cap- 
tain George,  and  anchored  opposite  the  fort  and  dwelling 
of  Castin.     The  exact  location  of  this  dwelling  cannot  be 


Vie  Castin  Family.  21 

determined,  but  there  is  strong  presumptive  evidence 
that  it  was  near,  if  not  at,  the  site  of  tlie  summer  cottage 
now  owned  bj  Mrs.  C.  G.  Wilson.  It  is  said  to  have 
been  a  long,  low,  irregular  building,  constructed  partly 
of  wood  and  partly  of  stone,  and  had  a  rather  grotesque 
appearance.  Tlie  windows  were  small  and  quite  high, 
so  that  no  one  could  look  in  from  the  outside.  A  garden 
containing  a  number  of  fruit  trees  was  near  it.  This 
orchard,  according  to  tradition,  was  situated  on  the  upper 
side  of  the  present  street  and  opposite  the  fort.  Accord- 
ing to  a  pretty  trustworthy  account,  some  of  the  young 
trees  from  this  orchard  were  transplanted  to  Sedgwick, 
and  apples  were  gathered  from  one  of  them  as  late  as 
the  fall  of  1873.  Captain  George  soon  sent  his  lieutenant 
ashore  to  converse  with  the  baron,  whereupon  the  latter 
retired  to  the  woods  with  all  his  people  and  left  his 
house  shut  up.  Governor  Andros  and  the  others  then 
landed  and  went  into  the  house.  They  found  there,  in 
what  ap})eared  to  be  the  common  room  of  the  family,  a 
small  altar  andseveral  pictures  and  ornaments,  all  of  which 
they  left  uninjured.  They  took  away  from  the  house, 
however,  all  his  arms,  powder,  shot,  iron  kettles,  some 
trucking-cloth  and  his  chairs.  Notice  was  sent  to  him  by 
an  Indian  that  if  he  would  ask  for  his  goods  at  Pemaquid, 
and  come  under  obedience  to  the  King  of  England,  they 
would  be  restored.  Andros  finding  the  fort  was  now 
quite  a  ruin,  concluded  to  abandon  rather  than  to  repair 
it.  Castin  was  justly  incensed  at  this  outrage,  and  un- 
doubtedly would  have  retaliated  had  not  the  government 
of  Massachusetts  disavowed  all  responsibility  in  the 
matter  and  adopted  pacific  measures.     To  complete  his 


22  Ancient  Castine. 

misfortunes,  a  flat-bottomed  Dutch  vessel,  called  a  "fly- 
boat,"  belonging  to  him,  was  about  this  time  captured  by 
pirates. 

In  1692  the  Governor  of  New  England  attempted  the 
forcible  abduction  of  Castin.  The  English  had  pre- 
viously captured  two  Frenchmen,  James  Peter  Pau  and 
St.  Aubin,  together  with  their  families,  and  carried  them 
to  Boston.  The  governor  sent  them,  with  two  deserters 
from  the  French  army,  to  this  place  to  seize  Castin,  de- 
taining their  families  as  pledges  for  their  faithful  per- 
formance of  his  commands.  Pau  and  St  Aubin,  however, 
disclosed  the  whole  matter  to  the  French  and  gave  up 
the  deserters.  Their  fidelity  Avas  rewarded,  and  eventu- 
ally they  recovered  their  wives  and  children. 

Although  Castin  gave  in  his  adhesion  to  the  English 
in  1693,  it  was  evidently,  in  a  measure,  a  compulsory  one, 
and  probably  not  sincere,  for  in  1696  he  started  with  a 
flotilla  of  canoes  and  two  hundred  Indian  warriors  to  join 
the  French  under  Iberville  in  their  attack  on  Pemaquid. 
In  1701  Baron  Castin  sailed  for  France  to  give  an  account 
of  his  conduct  in  regard  to  trading  with  the  English,  his 
justification  for  which,  he  declared,  was  the  necessity  of 
the  case,  he  being  unable  to  obtain  the  goods  he  required 
either  at  Newfoundland  or  Port  Royal.  It  is  said  that 
he  took  with  him  on  his  departure  two  or  three  thousand 
crowns  in  "  good  dry  gold."  It  was  evidently  his  inten- 
tion to  return  to  America,  though  not  to  this  locality,  as 
he  asked  for  a  grant  of  land  upon  the  river  "de  la  Pointe 
au  Hestre,"  and  stated  that  he  had  a  design  of  establish- 
ing a  fishery  at  "  Molue  "  and  of  removing  the  Indians 
there.       He  never  returned,  however,  and  })rol)ably  did 


J.     W.     CASTINE,      M.P. 
So.    Australia. 


The  Castin  Fcwiily.  23 

not  live  many  years  to  enjoy  his  paternal  patrimony.  In 
the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Mas- 
sacliusetts  are  letters  referring  to  Indian  affairs,  written 
by  Joseph  Dabaclis  St.  Castin,  as  lately  as  1754.  No 
fnrther  particulars  in  regard  to  the  baron  or  any  of  his 
immediate  family  have  come  to  light.  No  trace  of  the 
family  is  to  be  found  in  "France,  and  probably  they  were 
forced  into  exile  in  consequence  of  the  French  Revolu- 
tion. Hon.  J.  W.  Castine,  M.P.,  of  Glenburn,  Riverton, 
South  Australia,  is  thought  to  be  the  only  living  repre- 
sentative of  the  family  name  outside  of  America.  He  in- 
forms the  author  that  his  immediate  ancestors  came  from 
England,  but  that  their  ancestors  came  from  the  south  of 
France,  and  are  supposed  to  be  a  collateral  branch  of  the 
baron's  family.  The  name  is  extinct  in  England.  It 
was  thought  for  a  long  time  that  there  were  none  of  the 
name  in  this  country,  but  a  man  of  that  name  was  re- 
cently heard  of  in  New  Hampshire,  and  there  is  also  a 
lady  in  Boston  who  writes  her  name  Kostaign.  These 
may  yet  prove  to  be  lineal  descendants  of  the  baron. 


CHAPTER   IV. 

THE  FIRST  PERMANENT  SETTLERS. 

TT^EOM  1704  to  1761,  a  period  of  fifty-seven  years, 
-L  there  is  a  great  gaj^  in  tlie  history  of  this  penin- 
sula. The  only  things  tlnis  far  found  relating  to  it 
during  this  whole  period  are  an  account  of  the  visits 
here  of  Captain  Cox  in  1757,  and  of  Governor  Pownal  in 
1759.  The  Indians  probably  continued  to  occupy  the 
place,  as  Captain  Cox  on  his  visit  here  killed  and  scalped 
two.  Undoubtedly  the  French  settlers  left  soon  after 
Baron  Castin's  departure,  though  the  two  Frenchmen 
known  to  have  been  in  this  vicinity  did  not  live  on  this 
peninsula,  but  two  leagues  distant,  probably  either  at 
Northern  Bay,  Penobscot,  or  at  Walker's  Pond,  Brooks- 
ville.  Governor  Pownal  came  over  here  from  Fort 
Point  in  1759,  and  gives  the  following  description  of  the 
place  at  that  time  :  "  About  noon  left  Wasumkeag  point 
and  went  in  sloop  '  Massachusetts '  to  Pentaget,  with  Cap- 
tain Cargill  and  twenty  men.  Found  the  old  abandoned 
French  fort  and  some  abandoned  settlements.  Went 
ashore  and  drank  the  king's  health."  In  another  place 
he  says  :  "  To  the  east  (of  Long  Island)  is  another  bay, 
called  by  the  French  Pentagoet  or  Pentooskeag,  Avhere 
I  saw  the  ruins  of  a  French  settlement,  which  from  the 
site  and  nature  of  the  houses,  and  the  remains  of  fields 
and  orchards,  had  Ijeen  once  a  pleasant  habitation.     ( )ne's 


MR.     JOHN      PERKINS,     CASTINE. 
(From    ;in    old    i)ainting.) 


The  First  Permanent  Settlers.  25 

heart  felt  sorrow  that  it  had  ever  been  destroyed."  In 
the  Governor's  Address,  Jan.  2, 1760,  he  says  that  "  there 
are  a  great  many  families  stand  ready  to  go  down  to  Pe- 
nobscot, and,  as  every  other  obstacle  is  removed,  you  will 
take  care  that  no  uncertainty  to  the  titles  of  the  grants 
they  may  have,  may  be  any  objection  to  settlements 
which  will  be  so  greatly  beneficial  to  the  strength  of  the 
Province." 

The  first  permanent  settlement  of  the  place  was  accord- 
ingly commenced  in  the  year  1761,  under  the  name  of  the 
settlement  of  Maja-bagaduce,  or  as  it  was  more  commonly 
written,  Majorbiguaduce.  The  first  settlers  were  Paul 
and  Caleb  Bowden,  or  Booden,  as  the  name  was  then 
spelled,  John  Connor,  Andrew,  John,  Joshua,  Reuben, 
and  Samuel  Veazie,  Thomas  Wescott,  and  Jeremiah 
Withani.  The  next  year  Andrew  Webber  came  and  took 
up  a  lot.  In  1766  Aiidrew  Webster  and  Joseph  Webber 
came.  In  1768  James  Clark  and  Abraham  Perkins.  In 
1772,  Solomon  Avery,  Samuel  Veazie,  John  Douglass, 
Reuben  and  Daniel  Grindle,  and  in  1773  Frederic  Hatch 
were  added  to  the  number.  The  names  mentioned  are  only 
of  those  whose  descendants  are  believed  to  live  in  Castine 
at  the  present  day.  There  were  many  others  whose  de- 
scendants are  settled  in  adjoining  towns.  Twenty-three 
persons  with  their  families  settled  in  Maja-bagaduce  the 
first  year,  and  the  same  number  more  in  1762.  Between 
that  time  and  1784  eighty -four  more  were  added,  among 
them  being  John  and  Joseph  Perkins,  the  progenitors 
of  the  numerous  families  of  that  name  now  living  here. 
The  first  child  born  on  this  peninsula  after  these  settlers 
came  was  Reuben  Gray,    who  was  born  in  May,  1763, 


26  Ancient  Casiine. 

somewhere  on  Water  street,  near  the  present  stores.  He 
died  at  Deer  Isle  in  1859. 

These  early  settlers  were  nearly  all  English  people, 
thongh  at  a  somewhat  later  date  there  were  added  a  few 
Scotch  and  Irish  families.  As  was  to  be  expected,  there 
were  some  Tories  among  their  number,  though  the  major- 
ity of  them  were  in  favor  of  American  independence.  In 
the  "  Pennsylvania  Journal "  of  Aug.  23,  1775,  the  fol- 
lowing reference  to  the  new  settlement  occurs  :  "  About 
the  same  time  five  sloops,  that  had  been  sent  by  General 
Gage  for  wood,  were  taken  by  the  inhabitants  of  Major 
Baggadoose,  a  small,  new  settlement  not  far  from  Fort 
Pownal ;  and  as  there  was  some  reason  to  fear  that  the  fort 
which  stood  at  the  head  of  Penobscot  Bay  (Fort  Pownal) 
might  be  taken  by  the  king's  troops,  and  made  use  of 
against  the  country,  the  people  in  that  neighborhood  dis- 
mantled it,  burnt  the  blockhouse,  and  all  the  wooden  work, 
to  the  ground.  The  prisoners  taken  at  Machias  and  Major 
Baggadoose  were  on  their  way  to  Cambridge  when  the 
gentleman  who  brings  this  account  came  away." 

This  is  the  last  reference  to  the  settlement  that  we  have 
been  able  to  find  prior  to  the  War  of  the  Revolution. 


CHAPTER  V. 

FERTOD    OF    THE  REVOLUTION. 

ON  account  of  the  military  importance  of  this  region 
to  the  Americans,  and  also  for  its  importance  in 
Siipplying  wood,  lumber,  masts,  fish,  and  so  forth,  the 
English  determined  to  establish  a  military  post  at  this 
place.  Accordingly,  in  the  year  1779  General  Francis 
McLean  embarked  at  Halifax,  with  about  seven  hiindred 
men,  composed  of  detachments  of  the  Seventy-fourth  and 
Eighty-second  regiments,  in  a  fleet  of  some  seven  or 
eight  sail,  and  arrived  at  this  place  on  the  17th  of 
June.  They  landed  without  opposition  in  front  of 
Joseph  Perkins'  house,  which  stood  on  what  is  now  the 
northern  corner  of  Main  and  Water  streets.  Although 
they  landed  without  opposition,  they  acted  as  if  they  ex- 
pected an  attack  from  a  concealed  foe.  They  did  not 
remain  on  shore  this  day,  but  returned  to  tlieir  vessels. 
The  next  day  they  came  on  shore  and  encamped  on  the 
open  land  to  the  eastward  of  where  the  present  fort 
stands.  The  time  from  this  date  to  the  eighteenth  day 
of  July  was  occupied  in  clearing  up  the  ground,  felling 
trees,  building  a  fort  upon  the  high  ground  in  the  central 
part  of  the  peninsula,  and  also  a  battery  near  the  shore, 
together  with  storehouses,  barracks,  etc. 

The  Americans  becoming  alarmed  at  the  possession  by 
the  English  of  a  military  post  upon  the  eastern  frontier. 


28  Ancient  Castine. 

the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  in  the  latter  part  of 
June,  without  consultation  with  the  Continental  authori- 
ties, ordered  the  State  Board  of  War  to  engage  such 
armed  vessels  as  could  be  procured,  and  to  be  prepared 
to  have  them  sail  on  an  expedition  against  the  British  at 
Penobscot  at  the  earliest  possible  moment.  The  Board 
of  War  were  authorized  to  charter  or  impress  the  reqid- 
site  number  of  private  armed  vessels,  to  promise  the 
owners  a  fair  compensation  for  all  losses  of  Avhatever 
kind,  and  to  allow  the  seamen  the  same  pay  and  rations 
as  those  in  the  Continental  service.  Generals  Gushing 
and  Thompson,  brigadiers  of  militia  in  Lincoln  and 
Cumberland  counties,  were  each  ordered  to  furnish  six 
hundred  men,  and  Brigadier-General  Frost  Avas  ordered 
to  send  three  hundred  men  from  the  York  county  militia. 
They  took  with  them  five  hundred  stands  of  arms,  fifty 
thousand  musket  cartridges,  with  balls,  two  18-pounders, 
with  two  hundred  rounds  of  cartridges,  four  field-pieces, 
and  six  barrels  of  gunpowder,  besides  the  necessary  sup- 
plies and  camp  furniture.  The  fleet  consisted  of  nine- 
teen armed  vessels  and  twenty-four  transports,  carrying 
three  hundred  and  forty-four  guns.  It  is  said  to  have 
been  the  most  beautiful  fleet  that  was  ever  in  our  East- 
ern waters.  There  were  in  the  fleet,  in  addition  to  the 
seamen,  some  three  or  four  hundred  soldiers  and  marines, 
and  about  one  thousand  more  were  expected.  Moses 
Little,  of  Newbury,  Mass.,  was  appointed  to  command 
the  naval  force,  but  he  felt  obliged  to  decline,  on  account 
of  ill  health,  and  the  command  was  therefore  given  to 
Dudley  Saltonstall,  of  Kevv  Haven,  Conn.  Saltonstall 
was  a  man  of  good   abilities,  and  had  seen  something 


Period  of  tJie  Revolution.  29 

of  naval  warfare.  He  possessed,  however,  an  exceed- 
ingly obstinate  disposition,  and  was  rather  overbearing 
in  his  manner.  Solomon  Lovell,  of  Weymouth,  a  briga- 
dier-general of  the  Suffolk  militia,  had  control  of  the 
land  forces.  He  was  a  man  of  undaunted  courage,  but 
had  never  before  had  command  of  troops  in  actual 
service.  General  Peleg  Wads  worth  was  the  second  in 
command.  The  charge  of  the  ordnance  was  given  to 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Paul  Revere.  Although  twelve  hun- 
dred of  the  militia  had  been  ordered,  yet  they  had  less 
than  one  thousand  soldiers.  If  they  exceeded  the  enemy 
somewhat  in  number,  yet  they  were  entirely  undisci- 
plined, never  having  even  paraded  together  more  than 
once,  and  were,  consequently,  not  likely  to  be  very 
reliable  in  an  engagement.  The  whole  force  was  very 
quickly  in  readiness,  and  upon  the  twenty-fifth  day  of 
July  the  fleet  made  its  appearance  in  this  harbor. 

Intelligence  of  this  expedition  was  received  by  Gen- 
eral McLean,  July  18,  and  was  fully  confirmed  a  few 
days  later.  McLean  changed  his  intention  of  making 
a  regularly  constructed  fortress,  and  prepared,  in  a 
more  expeditious  manner,  to  erect  one  suitable  merely 
for  the  present  emergency.  His  troops  were  kept  vigor- 
ously at  work  by  night  and  day.  Provisions  at  this  time 
were  very  scarce,  and  the  inhabitants  were  almost  desti- 
tute of  arms,  as  well  as  of  food.  A  meeting  was  held 
to  determine  on  defence  or  submission,  and  Colonel 
Brewer,  of  Penobscot,  and  Captain  Smith,  of  Marsh  Bay, 
were  appointed  a  committee  to  treat  with  the  general. 
They  did  so,  and  received  the  assurance  that  if  the  in- 
habitants would  be  peaceable,  and  attend  quietly  to  their 


30  Ancient  Castine. 

own  affairs,  they  should  not  be  disturbed  in  their  person 
or  property.  They  were  compelled,  however,  to  take  an 
oath  either  of  allegiance  or  of  neutrality.  Six  hundred 
and  fifty-one  j^ersons  came  in  and  took  an  oath  of  the 
above  nature.  The  fort  at  this  time  Avas  ill  prepared  to 
resist  an  enemy.  The  northerly  side  of  it  was  but  four 
feet  high,  and  the  easterly  and  westerly  ends  were  laid 
up  sloping,  and  somewhat  resembled  a  stone  wall.  From 
the  back  side  to  the  front  there  was  simply  a  depression, 
and  the  ground  was  not  broken.  The  ditch  was  in  no 
part  over  three  feet  in  depth.  So  low  were  the  walls 
that  a  soldier  was  heard  to  say  that  he  could  jump  over 
them  with  a  musket  in  each  hand.  No  platform  had 
been  laid  or  artillery  mounted.  There  was  one  six-gun 
battery  near  Dyce's  Head  and  a  small  one  begun  some- 
where on  Cape  Rosier.  One  hundred  of  the  inhabitants, 
some  voluntarily  and  others  because  compelled,  came  in 
under  the  leadership  of  Mr  John  Perkins,  and  in  three 
days'  tiine  cleared  the  land  of  all  the  wood  in  front  of  the 
fort.  One  hundred  and  eighty  men  were  sent  on  shore 
from  the  men-of-war  to  aid  in  preparing  the  defences.  A 
messenger  was  sent  to  Halifax  for  assistance.  On  Satur- 
day, July  24,  a  fleet  was  seen  standing  up  the  bay,  and 
Captain  Mowatt,  in  command  of  the  English  men-of-war, 
determined  to  'detain  the  sloops  '^  Albany,"  "  Xorth,"  and 
"  Nautilus,"  which  had  been  ordered  for  otlier  service. 
The  other  vessels  of  the  fleet  had  departed  some  time  be- 
fore. The  three  sloops  dropped  down  the  harbor  and 
moored  in  close  line  of  battle,  across  the  entrance  between 
the  rocks  at  Dyce's  Head  and  the  point  of  Bank's,  often 
at  that  time  called  Cross  Island,  and  since  then  known  as 


Period  of  the  Revolution.  31 

Nautilus  Islaud.  On  shore,  some  cannon  Avas  soon 
mounted,  and  the  troops  were  in  garrison  the  next  morn- 
ing. At  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  twenty-fifth 
the  American  fleet  made  its  appearance,  and  a  brisk  can- 
nonade was  kept  up  for  al)out  two  hours.  The  Americans 
attempted  to  land,  but  without  success,  owing  to  the  high 
Avind.  The  next  day,  July  20,  the  English  sloops  moved 
farther  up  into  the  harbor,  and  another  cannonading 
took  place,  lasting  two  hours  and  a  quarter,  Avith  but 
slight  damage  to  either  side.  The  Americans  again  at- 
tempted to  make  a  landing  upon  the  point,  but  Avere  re- 
pulsed. At  six  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  however,  they 
made  a  landing  on  Nautilus  Island  \Aath  tAA'o  hundred 
men,  dislodged  a  party  of  tAA^enty  marines  and  took 
possession  of  four  4-pounders,  tAvo  of  Avhich  were  not 
mounted.  On  the  27th  there  Avas  some  cannon- 
ading, and  at  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  a  boat,  in 
XJassing  from  the  American  vessels  to  Nautilus  Island, 
Avas  struck  by  a  random  shot  from  the  fort  and  sunk. 
The  morning  of  the  twenty-eighth  of  July  Avas  calm 
and  foggy.  At  three  o'clock  tlie  American  vessels  Avere 
in  line  up  and  down  the  bay,  just  beyond  musket-shot 
of  the  enemy.  Two  hundred  of  the  marines  and  tAvo 
hundred  of  the  militia  Avere  ordered  into  the  boats. 
MoAvatt's  position  at  this  time  controlled  the  mouth  of 
the  harbor  and  prevented  a  landing  on  the  southern 
and  eastern  sides  of  the  peninsula.  A  landing  could 
only  be  effected  on  the  western  side,  which  Avas  at  most 
places  very  precipitous.  The  boats  landed  upon  this 
side,  therefore,  at  a  point  about  one-third  of  the  way 
betAveen  Dyce's  Head  and  the  high  bluff  at  the  north- 


32  Ancient  Castine. 

western  extremity  of  the  peninsula,  whibh  is  now  called 
Blockhouse  Point.  At  the  place  where  they  landed  is  a 
large  granite  bowlder,  commonly  known  as  the  *'  white 
rock,"  or  as  "  Trask's  rock."  A  lifer-boy  by  the  name 
of  Trask  was  behind  this  rock  playing  his  life  while  his 
comrades  made  the  ascent.  Trask  visited  this  place 
some  years  afterwards  and  pointed  out  to  several  citi- 
zens the  exact  spot  where  the  landing  was  made.  Prior 
to  his  visit  it  had  been  called  "  Hinckley's  rock," 
after  a  captain  who  is  said  to  have  climbed  upon  it  to 
cheer  on  his  men,  and  to  have  been  shot  while  on  the 
rock. 

The  English  troops,  posted  upon  the  heights,  oi)ened 
a  brisk  fire  upon  the  boats  just  as  they  reached  the 
shore,  and  a  shower  of  musket-balls  from  the  cliffs  was 
sent  into  the  faces  of  the  troops  as  they  attempted  an 
ascent.  An  American  officer,  who  participated  in  this 
attack,  afterwards  stated  that  balls  from  the  English 
vessels  passed  over  their  heads ;  but  as  the  vessels  had 
moved  farther  up  the  harbor  it  would  seem  almost 
incredible  that  such  light  metal  as  they  had  could  have 
thrown  so  far.  The  ascent  at  the  place  of  landing 
being  impracticable,  the  troops  were  divided  into  three 
parties.  The  right  and  left  wings  sought  more  practi- 
cable places  for  ascent,  while  the  centre  kept  up  an  inces- 
sant fire  of  musketry  to  distract  the  attention  of  the  foe. 
The  right  pressed  hard  upon  the  British  left  and  suc- 
ceeded in  capturing  a  small  battery.  The  left,  however, 
closing  in  rather  too  quickly  upon  the  enemy,  gave  them 
a  chance  to  escape,  and  they  retreated,  leaving  thirty 
men  killed  or  wounded.      The  Americans  lost  in    this 


u-  -It.  'V-  Jl^itiia*.**' 


TRASK'S     ROCK. 


Period  of  the  Revoliilion.  33 

attack,  according  to  the  British  account,  one  hundred, 
but  according  to  General  Lovell's  statement  only  fifty 
men.  The  loss  was  most  severely  felt  hy  the  marines, 
who  ascended  the  steeper  and  more  difficult  part  upon 
the  left.  The  engagement,  though  a  very  brilliant  one, 
lasted  only  about  twenty  minutes.  After  the  capture  of 
the  battery  the  ships  were  enabled  to  move  in  nearer  to 
the  shore.  The  place  where  the  marines  made  their 
ascent  was  quite  precipitous  for  some  thirty  or  forty  feet, 
and  after  that  the  ground  was  still  rising  for  some  dis- 
tance and  was  covered  with  bowlders.  Without  any  doubt 
this  was  a  very  daring  assault,  and  had  the  American 
troops  succeeded  in  taking  possession  of  the  fort  this 
attack  would  have  been  deemed  one  of  the  most  brilliant 
achievements  of  the  war.  The  final  defeat,  however, 
obliterated  all  recollection  of  their  former  bravery. 

Some  hours  later,  upon  this  day,  cannonading  took  place 
between  the  British  vessels  and  the  battery  on  Nautilus 
Island  ;  but  finding  their  6-pounders  were  of  but  little  ser- 
vice against  the  heavier  guns  of  the  battery,  Captain 
Mowatt  deemed  it  advisable  to  move  still  farther  up  the 
harbor.  Sir  John  Moore,  who  was  killed  at  Corunna, 
Spain,  June  16,  1809,  and  in  commemoration  of  whose 
burial  the  ode  commencing  "Not  a  drum  was  heard,  nor 
a  funeral  note,"  was  composed,  was  at  that  time  a  lieu- 
tenant and  paymaster  in  the  Eighty-second  Regiment  of 
the  British  army,  and  was  present  on  picket  when  this 
attack  was  made.  Captain  (afterwards  Sir)  James  Henry 
Craig  was  also  present  and  held  some  command  at  the 
time  of  this  siege. 

On  the  31st  a  detachment  of  militia  and  marines,  under 


34  Ancient  Castine. 

cojninaud.  of  General  Wadsworth,  landed  at  the  westward 
of  the  half-moon  battery  (situated  sonth  of  the  main  fort) 
and  attacked  the  enemy's  picket.  They  found  five  of  the 
enemy  dead  and  took  fourteen  prisoners,  but  were  them- 
selves soon  repulsed  with  considerable  loss.  Upon  the 
third  of  August  they  erected  a  battery  on  the  mainland, 
north  of  the  peninsula,  in  the  field  behind  where  Captain 
George  Wescott's  house  now  stands,  between  it  and  the 
shore.  Three  days  later,  the  British  erected  a  battery 
directly  opposite,  on  what  is  now  known  as  Hatch's  Point. 
On  the  seventh,  as  a  boat  was  crossing  from  Xautilus 
Island  to  Henry's  Point  (then  called  Hainey's  plantation), 
where  the  Americans  had  a  picket,  the  boats  from  the 
"  Nautilus  "  succeeded  in  capturing  her,  but  the  crew 
made  out  to  escape  and  join  the  picket. 

Immediately  after  the  engagement  of  the  28th  ult.,  a 
council  of  war  of  the  American  land  and  naval  forces  was 
called.  The  officers  of  the  land  forces  were  in  favor  of 
demanding  an  immediate  surrender,  but  Commodore  Sal- 
tonstall  and  some  of  his  officers  were  opposed  to  it.  It 
was  next  proposed  to  storm  the  fort,  but  the  marines  had 
already  suffered  so  much  that  the  commodore  refused  to 
disembark  any  more,  and  even  threatened  to  recall  those 
already  on  shore.  Their  force  being  thought  insufficient 
to  capture  the  place,  special  messengers  were  sent  to 
Boston,  in  whalehoats,  for  assistance.  The  time  up  to 
August  13th  was  occupied  by  Commodore  Saltonstall  in 
manoeuvring  about  the  entrance  of  the  harbor,  and  in 
frequent  cannonading,  while  General  Lovell  gradually 
advanced,  by  zigzag  intrenchments,  to  within  seven 
hundred  yards  of  the  fort,  besides  erecting  the  batteries 


Period  of  the  Revolution.  35 

already  mentioned,  and  several  others.  This  lapse  of 
time  gave  the  British  every  advantage,  and  General 
McLean  improved  the  time  by  perfecting  his  fortifica- 
tions, erecting  new  defences,  and  mounting  cannon. 

Upon  tlie  eleventh  of  August,  two  hundred  men,  under 
the  command  of  Brown  and  Bronville,  took  post  near  the 
half-moon  battery,  and  remained  there  until  a  retreat 
was  ordered.  A  party  of  the  enemy,  who  were  concealed 
behind  a  barn,  fired  upon  them  when  they  left. 

The  next  day  it  was  decided  by  the  Americans  to  make 
a  combined  attack  with  the  entire  force,  both  of  land  and 
sea,  and  upon  the  1.3th,  General  Lovell,  at  the  head  of 
two  hundred  men,  took  the  rear  of  Fort  George,  though 
he  did  not  actually  get  possession  of  the  fort.  It  was 
too  late  for  any  further  offensive  proceedings.  The  same 
day  he  received  intelligence  by  one  of  his  vessels,  which 
had  been  reconnoitring,  that  a  British  fleet  Avas  standing 
up  the  bay.     A  retreat  was  at  once  ordered. 

During  the  night  of  the  thirteenth  of  August  the  Amer- 
icans silently  removed  their  cannon  from  the  peninsula 
and  embarked  in  their  vessels.  Early  on  the  morning 
of  the  next  day  a  force  spiked  and  dismounted  the 
cannon  on  iJ^autilus  Island,  and,  with  a  brig,  made  haste 
to  join  their  fleet.  The  British  fleet  soon  appeared  iti 
the  offing.  It  consisted  of  seven  vessels,  carrying  two 
hundred  and  four  guns  and  fifteen  hundred  and  thirty 
men.  This  number,  with  the  three  sloops-of-war  already 
in  the  harbor,  made  such  a  vastly  superior  force  that  it 
would  have  been  folly  to  attempt  any  resistance.  Nothing 
was  left  for  the  Americans  but  to  retreat.  Commodore 
Saltonstall  arranged  his  fleet  across  the  bay  in  the  form 


36  Ancient  Casiine. 

of  a  crescent,  for  the  purpose  of  checking  the  advance  of 
the  enemy  sufficiently  to  enable  the  land  forces  on  board 
the  transports  to  make  good  their  escape.  Sir  George 
Collier,  however,  feeling  such  entire  confidence  in  the 
very  great  superiority  of  his  fleet,  advanced  at  once  with- 
out hesitation,  and,  pouring  in  a  broadside,  caused  the 
American  vessels  to  crowd  on  all  sail  and  attempt  an 
indiscriminate  flight.  The  "  Hunter  "  and  "  Hampden," 
in  attempting  to  escape  by  way  of  the  passage  between 
Long  Island  and  Belfast,  were  cut  off  and  taken.  The 
''  Hunter  "  was  run  on  shore,  with  all  her  sails  standing, 
but  her  crew  succeeded  in  reaching  the  land.  The  "  Defi- 
ance "  ran  into  an  inlet  near  by  and  was  fired  by  her  crew. 
The  "  Sky  Eocket "  was  also  fired,  and,  in  keeping  with 
her  name,  went  up  like  a  rocket,  near  Fort  Point  Ledge. 
The  "  Active  "  was  burned  off  Brigadier's  Island.  The 
other  vessels  escaped  farther  up  the  river,  but  Avere  all 
set  on  fire  and  blown  up  by  their  crews  to  prevent  them 
from  falling  into  the  hands  of  the  enemy. 

Thus  this  expedition,  notwithstanding  the  bravery  of 
the  first  attack,  ended  both  disastrously  and  disgrace- 
fully to  the  Americans.  A  comparatively  small  garri- 
son, with  only  three  sloops-of-war,  held  out  successfully 
for  twenty-one  days  against  a  vastly  superior  force.  The 
entire  blame  undoubtedly  falls  upon  Commodore  Salton- 
stall,  who  was  popularly  charged  with  having  been  bought 
by  British  gold.  He  was  tried  subsequently  by  a  court- 
martial  for  cowardice,  and  cashiered. 

The  British  retained  possession  of  the  place  until  after 
peace  was  declared.  They  evacuated  it  in  December,  1783, 
—  considerably  later  than  the  evacuation  of  New  York, 


Period  of  iJie  Revolution.  37 

which  occurred  on  the  twenty-fifth  of  November.  ]t  is 
said  that  the  news  of  the  surrender  of  Coruwallis  was 
brought  to  the  British  troops  here  by  a  Mrs.  Joseph 
Colby,  of  Deer  Isle.  An  American  vessel  at  Isle-au-Haut 
had  handbills  announcing  the  event.  The  captain  of  the 
vessel  gave  one  of  them  to  Mr.  Seth  Webb,  who  lived  on 
Kimball's  Island,  and  the  latter  gave  it  to  Mrs.  Colby, 
who  brought  it  with  her  when  she  came  up  the  next 
day  to  do  some  shopping,  and  showed  it  to  the  British 
officers. 

The  fort  erected  by  the  British  upon  the  high  land  in 
the  centre  of  the  peninsula  was  named  Fort  George,  in 
honor  of  his  Majesty  George  III.,  and,  together  with  the 
batteries  erected  at  that  time,  will  be  more  particularly 
described  in  ancjlher  chapter.  There  were  seven  of  these 
batteries,  of  which  four  were  named,  respectively,  Fu- 
rieuse,  or  the  '^  half-moon "  battery,  Penobscot,  East 
Point,  and  Westcott's.  The  other  three  have  never  re- 
ceived any  special  appellation. 

The  English,  during  their  occupation  of  the  place  at 
this  time,  treated  the  inhabitants,  upon  the  whole,  in  as 
conciliatory  a  manner  as  could  be  expected.  This  was 
done,  doubtless,  partly  from  policy,  but  partly,  also,  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  many  of  the  inhabitants  were  at 
heart  Tories.  This  assertion  is  rendered  probable  by  the 
following  passage,  which  occurs  in  an  order  to  General 
Lovell,  dated  at  the  Council  Chamber,  July  2,  1779  : 
"  And  as  there  is  good  reason  to  believe  that  some  of 
the  principal  men  at  Majorbagaduce  requested  the  enemy 
to  come  there  and  take  possession,  you  will  be  particu- 
larly careful  that  none  of  them  escape,   but  to  secure 


38  Ancient  Castine. 

tliem,  that  they  may  receive  the  just  reward  for  their 
evil  doings."  Notwithstanding  the  friendliness  of  many 
of  the  citizens,  a  great  deal  of  discrimination  was  used, 
and  none  of  them  Avere  allowed  within  the  fort,  except 
Mr.  Nathan  Phillips,  Mr.  Cunningham  and  his  family 
and  driver,  Mr.  Dyce  and  family,  and  Mr.  Finley  McCul- 
lum,  who  were  all  employed  in  his  Majesty's  service. 
The  inhabitants  were  obliged  to  bring  in  all  their  guns, 
for  which  they  were  paid  at  the  rate  of  three  dollars 
each.  They  were  forbidden  to  leave  the  peninsula  with- 
out permission,  and  were  compelled  to  labor  upon  the 
defences.  Provisions  at  this  time  were  very  scarce 
among  them,  and  as  they  had  no  guns,  they  were  obliged 
to  depend  upon  the  rations  issued  to  them  by  the  English 
commissary.  This  compelled  a  majority  of  them  to  labor 
in  the  English  service,  as  none  others  could  draw  rations. 
The  English,  also,  from  time  to  time,  issued  orders  to 
them  to  bring  in  wood,  lumber,  and  vegetables.  Orders 
were,  on  the  other  hand,  issued  to  the  troops,  strictly 
prohibiting  any  digging  of  potatoes  or  other  vegetables 
belonging  to  the  inhabitants,  or  plundering  of  any  kind. 
Marauding  and  setting  fire  to  the  houses  of  the  inhabi- 
tants were  also  forbidden  by  special  orders.  All  stran- 
gers upon  their  arrival  in  town  were  ordered  to  report  to 
Dr.  Calef,  a  surgeon  and  an  acting  chaplain.  Those  not 
complying  were  to  be  fined  or  corporally  punished.  This 
order  was  sent  to  all  the  neighboring  towns.  It  is  said 
that  Nathaniel  Carson  and  a  Mr.  Williams,  of  Long 
Island,  were  severely  whipped,  probably  for  non-com- 
pliance with  this  order.  The  inhabitants  were  also  com- 
manded to  be  always  in  readiness  for  military  service, 


VIEW     IN     WITHERLE     PARK. 


Period  of  the  Revolution.  39 

and  to  be  mustered  and  inspected  once  a  week.  At  one 
time  small  change  became  so  scarce  that  the  British  com- 
mander ordered  all  silver  dollars  to  be  cut  into  five  pieces, 
and  each  piece  to  pass  current  for  one  shilling.  This 
practice,  however,  gave  such  an  opportunity  for  fraud 
that  it  was  soon  found  necessary  to  call  them  in  and 
rescind  the  order. 

Certain  episodes  in  regard  to  occurrences  happening 
during  the  period  of  the  Revolutionary  War  may  not  be 
out  of  place  in  this  connection. 

Sometime  in  1779  Captain  Little,  of  the  American  sloop- 
of-war  "Winthrop,"  captured  a  sloop  in  the  bay,  from 
the  crew  of  which  he  learned  the  position  of  an  armed 
British  brig,  which,  having  previously  taken  the  sloop,  had 
sent  her  out  after  coasting  vessels.  Captain  Little  deter- 
mined to  take  this  brig  by  surprise.  The  "  Winthrop  " 
accordingly  bore  down  in  the  night,  having  forty  men, 
dressed  in  white  frocks  in  order  to  distinguish  friend 
from  foe,  in  readiness  to  jump  aboard  the  brig.  When 
close  by  she  was  hailed  by  the  enemy,  who  supposed 
her  to  be  a  prize  of  the  sloop,  Avho  cried  out,  "  You  will 
run  aboard."  —  "I  am  coming  aboard,"  answered  Captain 
Little,  and  immediately  Lieutenant  (afterwards  Commo- 
dore) Edward  Preble  sprung  aboard  followed  by  four- 
teen men.  The  rest,  owing  to  the  speed  of  the  vessel, 
missed  their  oj)portunity.  Captain  Little  called  to  Preble, 
"  Will  you  have  more  men  ?  "  The  latter,  with  great 
presence  of  mind,  loudly  answered,  "  No.  We  have  more 
than  we  want.  AVe  stand  in  each  other's  way."  The 
greater  part  of  the  enemy's  crew  leaped  overboard  and 
swam  to  the  shore.     Lieutenant  Preble  made  the  officers 


40  Ancient  Casime. 

of  the  brig  prisoners  in  tlieir  beds,  assuring  them  that 
resistance  was  in  vain.  The  troops  upon  the  shore  fired 
at  the  vessel,  and  it  experienced  a  heavy  cannonade  from 
the  battery.  Notwithstanding  this,  they  succeeded  in 
getting  the  bi'ig  safely  out  of  the  harbor  and  to  Boston. 

In  the  fall  of  the  same  year,  the  then  notorious  John 
Jones,  of  Hallowell,  was  here  as  a  captain  in  Colonel 
Rogers'  regiment.  He  made  several  forays  to  the  Ken- 
nebec, in  one  of  which  he  captured  General  Charles 
Gushing,  of  PoMmalborough,  and  brought  him  to  this 
place.  In  another  excursion  he  cut  out  a  schooner  and 
brought  her  safely  into  this  harbor.  He  was  in  com- 
mand of  "  Jones'  Rangers." 

During  the  time  the  American  force  Avas  attempting 
the  capture  of  the  place,  one  Atwood  Fales,  of  Thomas- 
ton,  who  belonged  to  Lovell's  force,  while  going  out  one 
morning  for  a  pail  of  w^ater,  was  twice  tired  upon  by  a 
whole  company  of  the  English,  numbering  some  sixty  men, 
with  no  detriment  to  himself,  but  to  the  immense  aston- 
ishment of  his  assailants,  who  thenceforward  considered 
him  invulnerable. 

In  the  year  1780,  Waldo  Dicke,  of  Warren,  with  some 
other  Tories,  captured  a  sloop  at  Maple  Juice  Cove,  near 
Rockland,  and  succeeded  in  getting  her  safely  here.  Gen- 
eral Campbell,  who  had  succeeded  McLean  in  command  of 
the  T:)Ost,  was  not  particularly  well  pleased  with  the  man- 
ner in  which  the  exploit  was  performed,  or  with  the 
parties  engaged  therein.  He  accordingly  offered  her 
back  at  a  very  moderate  ransom,  but  his  offer  was  not 
accepted.  The  Tories,  however,  found  they  had  had  a 
great  deal  of  labor  to  very  little  purpose. 


Period  of  the  Revohttion.  41 

An  account  of  the  celebrated  and  really  remarkable 
escape  of  General  Wads  worth  and  Major  Burton  from 
their  imprisonment  in  Fort  George,  will  be  a  fitting  ter- 
mination to  our  history  of  this  period. 

In  the  month  of  February,  1780,  General  Campbell,  the 
commander  of  the  garrison,  learning  that  General  Peleg 
Wadsworth  was  at  his  home  in  Thoraaston,  without  any 
troops  except  a  guard  of  six  soldiers,  determined  to  make 
him  a  prisoner.  He  accordingly  sent  a  force  of  twenty- 
five  soldiers,  under  the  charge  of  Lieutenant  Stockton, 
for  this  purpose.  After  a  sharp  contest,  in  which  several 
of  the  British  soldiers  were  killed  and  wounded,  and  in 
which  General  Wadsworth  was  himself  severely  wounded, 
they  succeeded  in  making  him  a  prisoner.  On  their  ar- 
rival at  the  British  post,  the  capture  of  General  Wads- 
worth was  soon  announced,  and  the  shore  was  thronged 
with  spectators  to  see  the  man  who,  through  the  pre- 
ceding year,  had  disappointed  all  the  designs  of  the 
British  in  that  quarter  ;  and  loud  shouts  were  heard  from 
the  rabble  which  covered  the  shore  ;  but  when  he  ar- 
rived at  the  fort,  and  was  conducted  into  the  officers' 
guard-room,  he  was  treated  with  politeness.  General 
Canipl)ell  sent  his  compliments  to  him,  and  a  surgeon  to 
dress  his  wound,  assuring  him  that  his  situation  should 
be  made  comfortable.  He  was  furnished  with  books, 
allowed  to  receive  visitors,  and  at  the  hour  of  dining  he . 
was  invited  to  the  table  of  the  commandant,  where  he 
met  with  all  the  principal  officers  of  the  garrison,  and 
from  whom  he  received  particular  attention  and  polite- 
ness. General  Wadsworth  soon  made  application  for  a 
flag  of  truce,  by  which  means  he  could  transmit  a  letter 


42  Ancient  Castine. 

to  the  Governor  of  Massaclmsetts  and  another  to  Mrs. 
Wadsworth.  This  was  granted  him,  upon  condition  that 
the  letter  to  the  governor  shonkl  be  inspected.  The  flag 
was  intrusted  to  Lieutenant  Stockton,  and  on  his  return, 
the  general  was  relieved  from  all  anxiety  respecting  his 
wife  and  family.  At  the  end  of  five  weeks,  his  wound 
being  nearly  healed,  he  requested  of  General  Campbell 
the  customary  privilege  of  a  parole,  and  was  told  in  reply 
that  his  case  had  been  reported  to  the  commanding  offi- 
cer at  New  York,  and  that  no  alteration  could  be  made 
until  orders  were  received  from  that  quarter.  In  about 
two  months  Mrs.  Wadsworth  and  Miss  Fenno  arrived. 
About  the  same  time  orders  were  received  from  the  Com- 
manding General  at  Xew  York,  which  were  concealed 
from  General  Wadsworth.  He  finally  learned  that  he 
was  not  to  be  paroled  or  exchanged,  but  was  to  be  sent 
to  England,  as  a  rebel  of  too  much  consequence  to  be  at 
liberty.  Not  long  afterwards,  Major  Benjamin  Burton, 
a  brave  and  worthy  man,  who  had  served  under  General 
Wadsworth  the  preceding  summer,  was  taken  and 
brought  into  the  fort  and  lodged  in  the  same  room  with 
the  general.  He  had  been  informed  that  both  the  gen- 
eral and  himself  were  to  be  sent,  immediately  after  the 
return  of  a  privateer  tlien  out  on  a  cruise,  either  to  New 
York  or  Halifax  and  thence  to  England. 

The  prisoners  immediately  resolved  to  make  a  desper- 
ate attempt  to  escape.  They  were  confined  in  a  grated 
room  in  the  officers'  barracks  Avithin  the  fort.  The  walls 
of  this  fortress,  exclusive  of  the  ditch  surrounding  it, 
were  twenty  feet  high,  with  fraising  on  the  top  and 
chevaux   de  /rise  at  the   bottom.      Two    sentinels   Avere 


Period  of  the  Revokiiion.  43 

always  in  the  entry,  and  tlie  door,  the  npper  part  of  which 
was  of  glass,  might  be  opened  by  these  watchmen  when- 
ever they  thought  proper,  and  was  actually  opened  at 
seasons  of  peculiar  darkness  and  silence.  At  the  outer 
doors  of  the  entries  sentries  were  also  stationed,  as  were 
others  in  the  body  of  the  fort  and  at  the  quarters  of  Gen- 
eral Campbell.  At  the  guard-house  a  strong  guard  was 
daily  mounted.  Several  sentinels  were  stationed  on  the 
walls  of  the  fort,  and  a  complete  line  occupied  them 
by  night.  The  gate  of  the  fort  was  shut  at  sunset,  and 
a  picket-guard  was  placed  on  or  near  the  isthmus  leading 
from  the  fort  to  the  mainland.  The  room  in  which  they 
were  confined  was  ceiled  with  boards.  One  of  these  they 
determined  to  cut  off,  so  as  to  make  a  hole  large  enough 
to  pass  through,  and  then  to  creep  along  till  they  should 
come  to  the  next,  or  middle  entry,  lowering  themselves 
down  into  this  by  a  blanket.  If  they  sliould  not  be  dis- 
covered, the  passage  to  the  Avails  of  the  fort  was  easy. 

In  the  evening,  after  the  sentinels  had  seen  the  prison- 
ers retire  to  bed,  General  Wadsworth  arose,  and,  stand- 
ing in  a  chair,  attempted  to  cut  with  his  knife  tlie 
intended  opening,  but  soon  found  it  impracticable.  The 
next  day,  by  giving  their  waiter,  Barnabas  Cunningham, 
a  dollar,  they  procured  a  gimlet.  With  this  instrument 
they  proceeded  cautiously,  and  as  silently  as  possible,  to 
perforate  the  board,  and  in  order  to  conceal  every  appear- 
ance from  their  servants  and  from  the  otRcers,  they  care- 
fully covered  the  gimlet-holes  with  chewed  bread.  At 
the  end  of  three  weeks  their  labors  were  so  far  com- 
pleted that  it  only  remained  to  cut  with  a  knife  the  parts 
which  were  left  to  hold  the  piece  in  its  place.     When 


44  Ancient  Castine. 

their  preparations  were  finished,  they  learned  that  the 
privateer  in  which  they  were  to  embark  was  daily 
expected. 

In  the  evening  of  the  eighteenth  of  June  a  very  severe 
storm  of  rain  came  on,  with  great  darkness  and  almost 
incessant  lightning. 

This  the  prisoners  considered  as  the  propitious  mo- 
ment. Having  extinguished  their  lights,  they  began  to 
cut  the  corners  of  the  board,  and  in  less  than  an  hour 
the  intended  opening  was  completed.  The  noise  which 
the  operation  occasioned  was  drowned  by  the  rain  fall- 
ing on  the  roof.  Major  Burton  first  ascended  to  the 
ceiling  and  pressed  him.self  through  the  opening.  Gen- 
eral Wadsworth  next,  having  put  the  corner  of  his 
blanket  through  the  hole  and  made  it  fast  by  a  strong 
wooden  skewer,  attempted  to  make  his  way  through,  by 
standing  on  a  chair  below,  but  it  was  with  extreme  diffi- 
culty, owing  to  his  wounded  arm,  that  he  at  length 
succeeded  in  doing  so,  and  reached  the  middle  entry. 
From  this  he  passed  through  the  door,  wliicli  he  found 
open,  and  made  his  way  to  the  wall  of  the  fort,  encoun- 
tering the  greatest  difiiculty  before  he  could  ascend  to 
the  top.  He  had  now  to  creep  along  the  top  of  the  fort, 
between  the  sentry-boxes,  at  the  very  moment  when  the 
relief  was  shifting  sentinels  ;  but  the  falling  of  heavy 
rain  kept  the  sentinels  within  their  boxes,  and  favored 
his  escape.  Having  now  fastened  his  blanket  round  a 
picket  at  the  top,  he  let  himself  down  through  the  cJie- 
vaux  defrise  to  the  ground,  and,  in  a  manner  astonishing 
to  himself,  made  his  way  into  an  open  field.  Here  he 
was  obliged  to  grope  his  Avay  among  rocks,  stumps,  and 


Period  of  the  Revolution.  45 

brush,  in  the  darkness  of  the  night,  till  he  reached  the 
cove.  Happily  the  tide  had  ebbed,  thus  enabling  him 
to  cross  the  water,  which  was  about  one-quarter  of  a 
mile  in  breadth,  and  not  more  than  three  feet  deep. 

About  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  General  Wadsworth 
found  himself  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  fort,  and  pro- 
ceeded on,  through  thick  wood  and  brush,  to  the  Penob- 
scot river.  After  passing  some  distance  along  the  shore, 
being  seven  miles  from  the  fort,  to  his  unspeakable  joy 
he  saw  his  friend  Burton  advancing  towards  him.  Major 
Burton  had  been  obliged  to  encounter  in  his  course  equal 
difficulties  Avith  his  companion,  having  come  face  to 
face  with  a  sentinel  on  leaving  the  fort,  whose  observa- 
tion he  eluded  by  falling  flat  upon  the  ground.  It  was 
now  necessary  that  they  should  cross  the  Penobscot 
river,  and  very  fortunately  they  found  a  canoe  suited 
to  their  purpose.  While  on  the  river  they  discovered 
a  barge,  with  a  large  party  of  British  from  the  fort,  in 
pursuit  of  them.  By  taking  an  oblique  course  and  ply- 
ing their  oars  to  the  utmost  they  happily  eluded  the  eyes 
of  their  pursuers  and  arrived  safely  on  the  western 
shore.  After  wandering  in  the  wilderness  for  several 
days  and  nights,  exposed  to  extreme  fatigue  and  cold, 
and  with  no  other  food  than  a  little  dry  bread  and 
meat  which  they  had  brought  in  their  pockets,  they 
reached  the  settlements  on  the  river  St.  George,  and  no 
further  difficulties  attended  their  reti;rn  to  their  respec- 
tive homes. 


CHAPTER  VI. 

INCORPORATION.  —  BRITISH  OCCUPATION  OF  1815. 

npHE  town  of  Penobscot  was  number  three  in  the 
-^  first  class  of  townships  granted  by  the  Provincial 
General  Court  in  1762.  In  accordance  with  the  terms 
of  their  grant,  the  proprietors  were  to  lay  out  no  town- 
ship more  than  six  miles  in  extent  on  the  bank  of  the 
Penobscot  or  on  the  sea-coast ;  to  present  to  the  Gen- 
eral Court  by  the  thirty-first  of  the  following  July  their 
plans  of  the  survey ;  to  settle  each  township  with  sixty 
Protestant  families  within  six  years  ;  to  build  an  equal 
number  of  dwelling-houses,  at  least  eighteen  feet  square ; 
to  fit  for  tillage  three  hundred  acres  of  land ;  erect  a 
meeting-house  aiid  settle  a  minister.  One  lot  in  each 
township  was  to  be  reserved  for  the  parsonage,  one  for 
the  first  settled  minister,  one  for  Harvard  College,  and 
another  for  the  use  of  schools. 

By  an  Act  of  the  General  Court  of  Massachusetts, 
the  township  of  Maja-bagaduce  was  incorporated  Feb. 
23,  1787,  under  the  name  of  Penobscot.  Seven  years 
later,  Feb.  10,  1796,  the  town,  by  another  Act,  was  di- 
vided into  two  separate  towns.  The  larger  portion  re- 
tained the  name  of  Penobscot.  The  southerly  portion  of 
the  old  town  was  incorporated  under  the  name  of  Cas- 
tine,  in  memory  of  the  noted  man  whose  life  was  so 
intimately  connected  with  the  history  of  Pentagoet.     It 


hicorporaiion.  47 

included  within  its  bounds  Avliat  is  now  no  inconsiderable 
portion  of  the  town  of  Ih'ooksville. 

In  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Act  of  In- 
corporation, Castine  was  held  responsible  for  three-fifths 
of  the  debts  of  the  old  town,  and  received  the  same  pro- 
portion of  the  property  of  that  town.  As  at  the  time 
Penobscot  was  the  shire  town  of  Hancock  county,  and  as 
all  the  county  buildings  were  situated  upon  this  penin- 
sula, Castine  was  declared,  by  the  Act  aforesaid,  to  be 
the  county  town.  The  annals  of  the  town  from  this  time 
until  the  year  1812  present  little  that  would  be  of  inter- 
est to  the  general  reader.  The  inhabitants,  though  indig- 
nant at  the  Eight  of  Search  claimed  by  England,  were 
at  the  same  time,  like  all  the  seaboard  towns,  opposed  to 
the  Embargo  Act  of  1807. 

Probably  no  place  in  the  State  of  Maine  has  passed 
through  so  many  changes  as  the  peninsula  of  Castine. 
Indians,  French,  Flemish  corsairs,  Dutch,  English,  and 
Americans  have  each  occupied  it.  France  held  posses- 
sion of  it  for  almost  the  entire  seventeenth  century.  No 
less  than  five  naval  engagements  have  taken  place  in  its 
harbor.  To  use  the  language  of  another  :  "  It  has  never 
been  without  a  garrison  from  1630  to  1783,  and  has  always 
been  dealt  with  by  the  nations  in  whose  possession  it  has 
been  as  a  place  of  great  importance."  General  De  Peyster 
remarks  :  "  This  is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  points  all 
along  our  coasts,  which,  under  any  other  government  than 
our  own,  would  have  long  since  been  transformed  into  a 
naval  and  military  fortress  of  the  first  class."  Such  was 
the  military  cliaracter  of  the  place  before  its  incorpo- 
ration :    and  although   since   that  time  the  foot  of   the 


48  Ancient  Castine. 

invader  has  pressed  its  soil  but  once,  yet  even  its  later 
military  history  will  be  found  not  devoid  of  interest. 

The  only  time  since  the  municipal  period  commenced 
that  the  town  has  been  in  possession  of  a  foreign  foe 
was  during  what  is  generally  known  as  the  War  of  1812. 

The  long-continued  impressment  of  American  seamen 
by  the  British,  together  with  numberless  insults  to  our 
flag,  and  the  superior  policy  of  Xapoleon  in  abandoning 
the  right  to  search  neutral  vessels,  —  all  these  things  com- 
bined to  compel  the  United  States,  on  June  18  of  that 
year,  to  declare  war  against  Great  Britain.  Active  hos- 
tilities did  not  commence  for  more  than  a  year,  but  the 
note  of  preparation  began  at  once  to  be  heard.  Sometime 
in  the  year  1813  a  detachment  of  regular  troops,  belong- 
ing to  the  brigade  of  General  Blake,  was  stationed  in 
town.  In  April,  1814,  there  were  at  this  place  nineteen 
men  belonging  to  Captain  Fillebrown's  company  of  the 
Fortieth  Infantry  ;  viz.,  one  third  lieutenant,  one  ser- 
geant, two  corporals,  and  fifteen  privates.  On  May  16 
a  detachment  of  the  same  company,  commanded  by  Lieu- 
tenant Andrew  Lewis,  was  added.  On  the  thirty-first  of 
July  the  detachment,  which  had  been  converted  into  one 
of  artillery,  consisted  of  one  second  lieutenant,  one  ser- 
geant, and  six  privates.  The  ordnance  consisted  of  one 
24-pounder,  twelve  handspikes,  nine  muskets,  and  six 
bayonets.  This  year  a  body  of  men  from  two  British 
armed  vessels  entered,  in  the  niglit,  the  fort  at  Thomas- 
ton,  spiked  the  guns,  destroyed  the  buildings  and  ammu- 
nition, set  fire  to  one  vessel,  and  towed  ofl:  two  others. 
This  daring  exploit  created  such  general  alarm  that  the 
militia  of  the  State  were  ordered  out  to  act  as  a  coast- 


BrilisJi  Occupation  of  i8i^.  49 

guard,  and  a  draft  Avas  madeiipon  the  militia  at  Bangor 
and  vicinity,  in  order  to  increase  tlie  force  at  this  garrison. 

An  expedition  was  planned  by  the  English,  at  Halifax, 
against  Penobscot  and  Machias.  The  fleet  consisted  of 
the  following  vessels  :  Three  seventy-fours,  two  frigates, 
two  sloops,  one  schooner,  one  large  tender,  and  ten 
transports.  Upon  these,  three  thousand  five  hundred 
men  embarked,  besides  the  usual  camp  followers.  They 
consisted  of  the  Twenty-nintli,  Sixty-second,  Ninety- 
eighth,  two  rifle  companies  of  the  Sixtieth,  and  a  detach- 
ment of  the  Royal  Artillery  regiments.  The  Twenty- 
ninth  Regiment  was  called  by  the  Americans  the 
"  Boston  Regiment,"  it  being  the  same  that  perpetrated 
the  Boston  Massacre.  One  man.  who  was  a  private  at 
the  time  of  the  massacre,  was  here  with  the  regiment  at 
this  time.  The  troops  had  composed  a  part  of  Wel- 
lington's army,  and  many  of  them  were  said  to  be 
Germans.  Lieutenant-General  Sir  John  C.  Sherbrooke 
had  the  chief,  and  Major-General  Gerard  Gosselin  the 
immediate,  command  of  the  land  forces,  and  Edward 
Griffith.  Rear  Admiral  of  the  White,  had  command  of  the 
naval  squadron.  The  fleet  sailed  from  Halifax  on  the 
twenty-sixth  day  of  August,  1814,  and  arrived  at  Wads- 
worth  Cove  on  Thursday,  September  1.  They  seized  at 
once  upon  a  revenue  cutter,  and  upon  all  the  shipping  in 
the  harbor.  So  formidable  an  appearance  did  this  fleet 
offer  that  our  troops,  whicli  were  in  garrison  at  Port  Madi- 
son, then  known  as  Eort  Porter,  without  waiting  to  go 
through  the  form  of  a  surrender,  immediately  discharged 
their  cannon,  blew  up  the  magazine,  and  fled  up  the  bay. 

The  English  at  once  took  peaceable  possession  of  the 


50  Ancient  Casiine. 

place.  Ill  the  course  of  the  day  they  landed  the  greater 
part  of  their  troops,  took  possession  of  Fort  George,  seized 
the  Court-house  and  Custom-house,  whicli  they  used  as 
barracks  for  the  soldiers,  erected  numerous  batteries  and 
a  block-house,  and  took  some  of  the  best  and  most  com- 
modious houses  for  the  abodes  of  the  officers.  They  also 
had  a  detachment  at  the  old  cliurch  at  North  Castine,  and 
occupied  Mr.  Hooke's  barn  as  a  hospital.  Captains  Gell 
and  Coker,  and  LieutenanJ;s  Sands  and  Evans,  with  their 
servants,  were  quartered  in  the  dwelling-house  of  Mr. 
Otis  Little.  They  were  not  aware,  however,  that  a 
hundred  muskets,  and  an  abundance  of  ammunition, 
Avere  concealed  in  the  barn.  These  munitions  of  war 
were  the  property  of  the  town  or  state,  and  were  not 
brought  out  from  their  hiding-places  until  after  peace 
was  proclaimed. 

When  the  fleet  sailed  up  the  harbor  the  whole  popula- 
tion turned  out  to  witness  the  sight,  tlfough  not  without 
feelings  of  dismay.  The  inhabitants  on  the  Brooksville 
side  ascended  the  high  hill  in  the  northern  part  of  the 
town  and  waited  Avith  intense  anxiety  to  obtain  a  view 
of  the  expected  conflict.  Making  this  place  the  head- 
quarters of  their  forces,  the  British  soon  began  to  send 
out  foraging  parties  through  the  region  round  about  and 
even  across  the  bay.  In  a  very  short  time,  also,  they 
sent  detachments  up  the  river,  and  succeeded  in  captur- 
ing the  towns  of  Hampden,  Bangor,  Frankfort,  and 
Bucksport.  They  brought  back  from  their  incursion 
some  eighteen  or  twenty  horses,  a  large  number  of  oxen, 
sheep,  etc.,  and  six  vessels.  They  burned  and  destroyed 
many  other  vessels,  and  required  bonds  for  the  several 


British  Occupation  of  i8i^.  51 

towns  to  deliver  up  at  Castine,  within  about  a  month, 
all  the  remainder  that  were  uninjured.  Upon  the  first 
and  fifth  of  September,  General  Sherbrooke  and  Admiral 
Griffith  issued  proclamations  to  the  effect  that,  if  the 
people  would  remain  quietly  at  their  homes  and  continue 
to  pursue  their  usual  avocations.  Avould  surrender  all 
their  arms,  and  would  refrain  from  communicating  intel- 
ligence to  the  Americans,  they  should  have  protection 
and  safety  insured  to  them.  Also,  that  the  municipal 
laws  and  civil  magistrates  would  be  supported,  and  that 
all  citizens  who  would  furnish  the  troops  with  provisions 
should  receive  pay  for  the  same.  There  were  frequent 
changes  of  the  British  forces  and  vessels  occurring  during 
the  year,  but  there  were  seldom  less  than  fourteen  or 
fifteen  sail  of  this  squadron  in  the  harbor.  The  English 
repaired  Fort  George,  occupied  it  with  a  garrison,  and 
mounted  some  sixty  cannon  there.  They  also  constructed 
a  canal  ten  or  twelve  feet  in  width  and  eighty  rods  in 
length  across  the  neck  which  joins  the  peninsula  to  the 
mainland.  This  canal  was  dug  fully  as  much  to  prevent 
desertions  as  to  guard  against  a  surprise.  Desertions 
were  becoming  of  daily  occurrence,  and  still  took  place 
after  this  canal  was  dug.  Two  deserters  were  captured, 
tried,  sentenced,  and  shot.  One  was  shot  while  attempt- 
ing to  cross  the  canal.  The  English  about  this  time 
made  Castine  a  port  of  entry,  and  appointed  William 
Kewton  Collector  of  the  Customs.  The  property  of  Mr. 
Hooke,  the  former  collector,  who  had  succeeded  in  es- 
caping with  all  the  public  papers,  was  confiscated.  All 
the  vessels  belonging  here  prior  to  the  surrender  of  the 
towai  were  returned  to  their  owners,  and  were  allowed  a 


52  Ancient  Casfme. 

clearance  and  free  intercourse  with  Xew  Brunswick  and 
other  British  provinces.  Upon  the  twelfth  of  September 
General  Sherbrooke  and  Admiral  Griffith,  with  about  one- 
half  the  forces,  left  for  Machias.  Eear-Adrniral  Milnes 
and  Gerard  Gosselin  were  left  in  command  of  the  naval 
and  land  forces.  All  intercourse  between  the  eastern  and 
western  sides  of  the  Penobscot  was  prevented  as  much  as 
possible  by  both  the  British  and  United  States  authorities. 
An  order  was  issued  by  the  Postmaster-General  of  the 
United  States  to  the  effect  that  as  sundry  post-offices  in 
the  District  of  Maine  were  under  the  control  of  the 
public  enemy,  that  the  postmaster  at  the  post-offices  near- 
est to  them  should  detain,  open,  and  account  for  the  mails 
addressed  to  them.  From  this  it  appears  probable  that 
letters  for  Castine  were,  during  the  British  occupation,  left 
at  Belfast.  Every  effort  was  made  not  only  to  guard 
against  a  surprise,  but  more  especially  against  the  deser- 
tions, which  were  becoming  daily  more  frequent.  Guards 
Avere  stationed  at  the  post-office,  bridge.  Hatch's  farm.  Port 
George,  and  North  Point.  A  patrol  was  sent  out  after 
sunset  to  examine  the  beach  from  Xorth  Point  to  Fort 
Castine,  —  as  the  British  styled  Fort  Madison,  —  to  see 
that  no  boats  were  drawn  up  on  or  moored  near  the 
beach,  and  a  guard-boat  Avent  up  and  down  the  water  in 
front  of  the  village  during  the  night. 

At  first,  the  soldiers,  having  considerable  leisure,  were 
in  the  habit  of  working  for  the  inhabitants,  but  this  was 
soon  forbidden  under  severe  penalty.  The}^  Avere  also  in 
the  habit  of  selling  or  exchanging  their  bread  for  liquor, 
but  this  Avas  likewise  soon  stopped.  Xone  too  soon,  how- 
ever, for  according  to  official  accounts  there  Avas  a  dis- 


British  Occupaiion  of  i8i^.  53 

graceful  amount  of  drunkenness  among  the  soldiers,  and 
more  liquor  was  used  among  tlie  inhabitants  than  would 
be  deemed  well  at  the  present  day.  Probably  this  was 
the  reason  that  on  the  morning  of  Jan.  22,  1815,  the 
lodgers  in  the  liouse  of  Mr.  James  Perkins  were  guilty 
of  assaulting  Lieutenant  Kearney,  or  of  committing  an 
outrage  of  some  kind  upon  him,  and  of  using  abusive 
language  to  Captain  Stannus.  A  Coitrt  of  Inquiry  was 
held  in  the  case,  and  Messrs.  Lang  and  Rhode,  who 
were  the  ringleaders  in  the  affair,  were  ordered  to  leave 
Castine,  and  not  to  return  while  the  British  held  pos- 
session of  it.  The  Court  declared  that  the  cause  of  the 
disturbance  had  its  origin  "  in  the  neglect  and  want  of 
inclination  on  the  part  of  tlie  landlord  to  provide  suita- 
ble furniture  for  a  Pritish  officer's  apartment,  though  he 
accommodated  five  mercliauts  in  his  house  several  days 
after  the  arrival  of  Lieutenant  Kearney."  As  a  pun- 
ishment, his  license  to  retail  liquor  was  withdrawn  and 
additional  officers  quartered  in  his  house. 

About  this  time  Lieutenant-Colonel  Ximenes  adver- 
tised the  loss  of  a  valuable  gold  hunting-watch,  with 
three  gold  seals,  a  gold  key,  and  rings  attached  to  it. 
The  advertisement  does  not  state  where,  when,  or  how  it 
was  lost,  but,  so  far  as  known,  it  has  not  yet  been  dis- 
covered. 

The  funds  collected  at  this  port  by  the  British  Custom- 
house authorities  were  used  as  an  endowment  for  Dal- 
housie  College,  Halifax,  N.8. 

In  January,  1815,  a  transport  from  Halifax,  with  a  re- 
enforcement  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  soldiers  for  the 
garrison  at  this  place,  was  chased  ashore,  not  far  from 


54  Ancient  Castine. 

here,  by  three  American  privateers,  and  lost.    The  troops, 
however,  got  safelj'  to  land  and  marched  to  town. 

During  the  wliole  time  of  the  British  occupation  no 
attempt  was  made  on  the  part  of  either  the  State  or 
United  States  authorities  to  regain  possession  of  the 
place.  The  question  was  discussed  in  the  Senate  of  the 
Commonwealth,  but  it  was  decided  that  any  attempt  to 
recover  the  place,  even  should  it  succeed,  would  involve 
too  much  bloodshed.  The  national  government  would 
probably  have  attempted  the  expulsion  of  the  enemy 
from  the  place  had  it  not  been  for  the  refusal  of  Gov- 
ernor Strong,  of  Massachusetts,  to  assist.  However 
cogent  may  have  been  the  reasons  on  the  part  of  the 
governor,  bis  indisposition  to  make  any  attempt  to  regain 
the  place  caused  him  to  be  very  unpopular,  not  only  in 
portions  of  his  own  State,  but  pretty  generally  through- 
out the  coimtry.  He  was  dubbed  "The  Heko  of  Cas- 
tine," and  according  to  the  "  National  Advocate  "  it  was 
proposed  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  district  of  Maine  to 
present  him  witli  a  sword,  "as  a  mark  of  their  estima- 
tion of  his  patriotic  and  gallant  defence  of  Castine,  and 
the  prompt  and  efficient  protection  he  afforded  that  Dis- 
trict when  invaded  by  tlie  enemy."  The  sword  was  to 
-be  constructed  of  the  best  white  ^jlne,  and  to  be  orna- 
mented with  appropriate  emblems  !  During  this  time  our 
citizens  had,  naturally,  to  endure  very  many  inconven- 
iences and  annoyances,  especially  from  offi(»ers  like  Barrie, 
captain  of  the  *•  Dragon,"  a  rough  sailor,  who  "was  a 
total  stranger  to  literature,  to  every  generous  sentiment, 
and  even  to  good-breeding."  Notwithstanding  these  in- 
conveniences, however,  there   was   much   in   the   rapid 


A     BLOCK-HOUSE     OF     THE     PERIOD. 


British  Occupation  of  i8i$.  55 

growth  of  business,  in  the  social  amenities  observed  by 
some  high-minded  and  generous-dispositioned  officers, 
both  of  superior  and  inferior  rank,  and  in  the  amuse- 
ments afforded  by  the  mere  presence  of  so  large  a  number 
of  people  as  was  at  that  time  here,  to  render  the  period 
one  of  some  considerable  gayety.  ISTo  regret  was  experi- 
enced, however,  by  the  majority  of  the  inhabitants  when 
at  length,  April  15,  1815,  the  garrison  was  evacuated, 
and  the  town  resumed  its  usual  intercourse  with  its 
neighbors. 

After  the  British  departed,  our  forces  took  possession 
of  Fort  George,  and  a  company  was  sent  here  to  garrison 
it.  About  the  year  1818  a  Board  of  Engineers  was  ap- 
pointed by  the  United  States  government  to  survey  the 
coast  of  Maine,  with  a  view  to  fortifying  it.  This  Board 
reported  in  favor  of  abandoning  Castine  and  fortifying 
at  Bucksport  Narrows.  Accordingly,  in  March,  1819,  tlie 
gai'rison  was  evacuated  by  our  troops,  and  Fort  George 
has  never  since  been  used  for  military  purj)oses.  During 
the  last  occupation  by  tlie  British  four  more  batteries 
were  erected.  These,  together  with  one  erected  by  our 
government  and  called  Fort  Madison,  will  be  more  fully 
described  in  another  chapter. 


CHAPTER   YII. 

LATER    ANNALS    OF    THE    TOWN. 

Qi  INCE  the  evacuation  of  the  town  by  the  English,  in 
^^  1815,  few  events  have  transpired  in  its  history  tliat 
would  be  of  general  interest  to  others  than  citizens. 

A  custom-house,  for  the  collection  of  revenue,  was  first 
established  here,  under  the  authority  of  the  United  States, 
on  July  31,  1789.  The  place  was  made  a  port  of  entry 
in  1814.  The  government  building,  used  for  a  custom- 
house and  post-office,  was  erected  in  1870.  Abovit  1889 
the  government,  as  an  experiment,  had  some  specimens 
of  the  art  of  koptography  placed  upon  the  outside  panels 
of  the  building.  However  suitable  for  certain  kinds  of 
interior  decoration,  they  have  proved  to  be  unfit  for  ex- 
terior work,  and  ought  to  be  removed. 

In  1817  Castine  lost  a  portion  of  its  territory  by  the 
incorporation  of  the  town  of  Brooksville.  All  that  por- 
tion east  of  the  Bagaduce  river  below  Northern  bay, 
except  the  islands  not  connected  to  the  mainland  by  a 
bar,  were  made  a  part  of  Brooksville.  As  some  compen- 
sation, however,  the  portion  known  as  North  Castine,  or 
a  large  part  of  it,  was  taken  from  Penobscot  and  added 
to  it. 

In  1838  the  courts  were  removed  to  Ellsworth,  and 
Castine  ceased  to  be  the  county  town. 

In  1839,  February  17,  twenty-one  members  of   Com- 


Laler  Annah  of  the  Town.  57 

pany  D,  of  the  militia,  all  residents  of  tins  town,  went 
to  Aroostook  county  and  performed  military  duty  for 
two  months. 

During  the  War  of  the  Rebellion  the  town  was  enthu- 
siastically ])atriotic,  and  the  Castine  Light  Infantry  vol- 
unteered its  services  in  1861,  and  was  the  first  company 
in  the  State  to  start  for  the  rendezvous  of  the  Second 
Maine  Regiment.  It  carried  with  it  the  first  company 
flag  taken  out  of  the  State.  Castine  furnished  a  quota 
of  one  hundred  and  fifty-seven  men  in  this  war,  paid  out 
$7,345.67  to  the  families  of  its  soldiers,  $15,834.07  in 
bounties,  and  its  citizens,  in  their  individual  capacity, 
donated  f  1,400  to  the  sanitary  and  Christian  commis- 
sions and  hospitals.  This  is  a  record  of  which  any  town 
of  its  size  can  well  feel  proud. 

In  1876  the  first  ''  summer  cottage  "  was  erected. 

The  most  prosperous  period  in  the  career  of  the  town 
was  doubtless  between  1796  and  1836.  It  not  only  had 
the  advantage  of  being  a  shire  town,  but  it  was  an  impor- 
tant seaport  and  s|iip-building  place.  At  one  period  it 
had  a  very  large  traffic  with  the  West  Indies,  and  later 
sent  out  quite  a  fleet  of  fishermen  to  the  Grand  Banks. 
As  early  as  the  year  1799  there  were  sailing  from  this 
port,  and  wholly  or  in  great  part  owned  here,  sixteen 
vessels,  exclusive  of  those  in  the  coasting  trade,  of  which 
there  were  several.  These  vessels  sailed  mostly  for  the 
West  Indi-es,  though  some  of  them  went  to  Liverpool. 

As  early  as  1814  there  were  in  the  place  a  tanneiy, 
rope-walk,  two  sail-maker's  lofts,  a  hat  manufactory,  a 
manufactory  of  chairs  and  other  furniture,  a  pump  and 
block  makii;^g  shop,  several  brick-yards,  and  one  or  two 


58  Am'ieni  Casiine. 

saw  and  grist  mills.  Even  earlier  than  this  there  were 
some  twenty  j^ersons  engaged  in  trade  here.  Notwith- 
standing its  prosperous  condition,  however,  the  town  had 
then  only  one  minister,  one  doctor,  and  one  lawyer  ! 

Much  of  the  early  importance  of  Castine  was  due  to 
the  fact  that  the  courts  were  held  here,  —  one  term  annu- 
ally of  the  Supreme  Court,  and  two  terms  of  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas.  The  Probate  Court  was  also  held  here. 
Of  course,  this  not  only  caused  a  large  attendance  here, 
at  such  times,  of  members  of  the  legal  profession,  but  of 
many  others,  who  were  compelled  to  be  here  either  as 
litigants,  jurors,  or  witnesses.  Doubtless  the  trial  of 
petty  cases  of  theft  or  of  assault  and  battery  was  the 
ordinary  routine  of  business.  Occasionally  graver  cases 
Avere  tried,  and  gave  opportunity  for  forensic  display. 
At  least  five  trials  of  persons  accnsed  of  murder  occurred, 
resulting  in  the  execution  of  two.  The  first,  Ebenezer 
Ball,  of  Deer  Isle,  was  tried  for  the  murder  of  John  Tile- 
ston  Downes,  a  deputy  sheriff,  who  was  attempting  to 
arrest  him  on  the  charge  of  passing  counterfeit  moue3^ 
He  was  convicted  and  sentenced  to  be  hung.  The  sen- 
tence was  carried  into  execution  on  Thursday,  October 
31,  1811.  The  gibbet  was  erected  in  the  centre  of  Fort 
George.  A  large  concourse  of  citizens  followed  the  crim- 
inal, while  being  escorted  from  the  jail  to  the  place  of 
execution,  prominent  among  whom  was  old  Parson  Pisher, 
of  Bluehill,  who  distributed  to  the  crowd  copies  of  a 
pathetic  ballad  written  by  himself  for  the  occasion.  The 
moral  advice  given  by  him  is  still  applicable : 


c/. 


J. 


'S-s^t^/cA 


Later  Annals  of  tlie  Town.  59 

"Take  warning,  then.  C)  my  dear  friends, 
Let  me  advise  you  all ; 
Pray  shun  all  vice,  and  do  not  die 
Like  Ebenezer  Ball !  " 

The  second  case  of  ca])ital  punishment  was  that  of 
Seth  Elliott,  of  the  town  of  Knox,  in  Waldo  county,  who 
was  hung  here  on  Feb.  3,  1825,  for  the  murder  of  his 
child.  The  gallows  was  erected  near  the  place  where 
Ball  was  executed. 

The  earliest  settlers  of  the  town  were,  as  was  the  case 
in  most  New  England  towns  situated  on  the  seaboard, 
mainly  farmers  and  fishermen,  and  very  poor.  Though 
they  came  too  late  to  have  any  trouble  with  the  Indians, 
such  as  still  older  towns  in  the  State  had  to  endure,  they 
did  not  escape  the  trials  and  tribulations  that  all  new 
settlers  of  a  place  have  to  encounter.  As  the  town  began 
to  increase  in  population  a  different  class  of  men  began 
to  appear,  but  however  much  the  prestige  of  the  place  is 
due  to  the  latter,  the  Avork  of  the  pioneers  should  not  be 
overlooked.  The  reputation  of  a  town  does  not  always 
depend  upon  its  size  or  commercial  importance,  but  it 
does  depend  upon  the  character  of  its  citizens.  In  this 
latter  respect  Castine  has  been  specially  fortunate.  Not 
but  that  many  towns  of  this  State  have  had  for  their 
founders  men  equally  as  virtuous,  industrious,  frugal,  and 
patriotic,  and  some  of  them  far  wealthier  people,  yet  few 
towns  can  boast  of  having  among  their  early  settlers  a 
larger  percentage  of  refined,  educated,  and  public-minded 
citizens.  The  number  of  college  graduates  settled  on 
this  peninsula  before  1825  amounted  to  thirteen,  among 
whom  Avere  men  learned  in  all  the  professions,  many  of 


60  Ancient  Castine. 

them  having  more  than  local  reputations.  In  addition 
to  these  were  a  large  number  of  sea-captains,  whose  edu- 
cation, though  not  derived  from  high  school  or  college, 
but  from  observation  and  extensive  travel,  was  not  to  be 
contemned.  The  early  merchants  of  the  town,  though 
some  of  them  were  very  poor  when  they  came  here,  were 
the  equals  in  business  ability,  as  well  as  in  culture  and 
in  refinement,  of  those  of  most  of  our  larger  cities  at 
that  time.  It  was  the  influence  of  men  of  this  character 
which  gave  to  this  town  a  high  standing  as  a  moral  and 
educated  community,  Avhich  it  is  to  be  hoped  it  still  sus- 
tains. All  the  early  citizens,  to  be  sure,  were  not  of  this 
class.  Some  were  gi'ossly  ignorant  and  some  depraved 
in  character.  Such  persons  are  to  be  found  everywhere, 
but  such  do  not  usually  control  the  public  mind,  and  cer- 
tainly did  not  do  so  here. 

From  the  time  of  its  incorporation  to  the  present  day, 
Castine  has  always  had  a  warm  interest  and  a  justifiable 
pride  in  its  schools.  It  adopted  the  principle  of  graded 
schools  in  1840.  Very  few  other  towns  in  the  State 
accepted  this  principle  so  early.  Indeed,  many  of  them 
have  not  yet  adopted  it.  The  town  also  discontinued  the 
district  system  some  years  before  towns  were  by  law 
required  so  to  do.  The  high  school  was  established 
sometime  previous  to  1850,  and  has  been  continued  ever 
since.  It  has  usually  had  a  superior  class  of  teachers, 
many  of  whom  have  since  attained  distinction  in  educa- 
tional circles  or  in  other  walks  of  life. 

The  Eastern  State  Normal  School  was  established  here 
in  1867,  with  Mr.  Granville  T.  Fletcher  as  principal.  He 
was  succeeded  by  Mr.  Rolliston  Woodbury  in  1879,  and 


Later  Annals  of  the  Tozvii.  61 

at  his  death,  in  1888,  the  present  incumbent,  Mr.  Albert 
F.  Richardson,  was  elected  to  the  office.  This  school  has 
always  had  a  reputable  corps  of  teachers,  and  their  work 
will  compare  favorably  with  that  of  the  other  Normal 
schools  of  Maine.  Its  prosperity,  under  its  present  man- 
agement, appears  to  be  steadily  increasing.  Although 
this  school  has  in  many  ways  proved  very  beneficial  to 
the  town,  and  while  the  whole  town  feels  a  strong  inter- 
est in  its  success,  yet  it  must  be  confessed  by  any  intel- 
ligent observer  that  it  has  also  done  some  harm  to  our 
town  schools  by  drawing  scholars  from  schools  from 
which  they  could  not  well  be  spared.  This  is  the  natu- 
ral and  inevitable  result  of  the  establishment  of  a  State 
institution  of  this  kind  in  a  small  town. 

The  fact  that  Castine  was  tlie  fourth  town  in  the  Dis- 
trict of  Maine  to  possess  a  newspaper  of  its  own,  speaks 
volumes  for  the  character  of  its  citizens.  The  first  one 
was  published  in  1798,  by  Daniel  S.  Waters,  under  the 
name  of  the  "  Castine  Gazette."  In  1790  Waters  pub- 
lished the  "  Castine  Journal  and  Eastern  Advertiser," 
probably  the  same  newspaper  under  a  different  name. 
In  1809  and  1810  a  paper  called  "  The  Eagle  "  was  pvib- 
lished  here  by  Samuel  Hall.  In  1828  a  paper  called 
"The  Eastern  American"  was  published  here  by  Ben- 
jamin F.  Bond,  and  in  the  same  year  a  few  numbers  of  a 
literary  paper  called  "  The  Crescent "  were  printed  here. 
No  successful  attempt  to  sustain  a  local  paper  has  been 
since  made,  though  in  1884  a  small,  but  very  creditable, 
Aveekly  paper  was  started  by,  not  Messrs.,  but  the  Misses, 
Wheeler  and  Hooke,  and  was  published  for  about  two 
years. 


62  Ancient  Castine. 

Though  the  daily  life  of  the  early  settler  was  one  of 
hard  labor  and  care,  yet  he  was  not  averse  to  rational 
amusement.  The  gala  period  of  life  in  this  town  was 
doubtless  during  its  occupation  by  the  British,  in  1814 
and  1815.  It  equalled,  if  it  did  not  surpass,  the  period 
which  has  come  in  with  the  influx  of  the  summer  visitor. 

Separated  and  almost  isolated  as  they  are  by  the  sur- 
rounding water  from  nearly  all  the  neighboring  towns, 
the  citizens  are  even  to-day,  and  were  much  more  in 
earlier  times,  obliged  to  find  their  sources  of  amusement 
at  home.  In  fact,  in  former  times  the  relative  impor- 
tance of  the  place  was  so  much  greater  than  at  present 
that  there  was  no  inducement  to  go  elsewhere  for  amuse- 
ment. Indeed,  the  wealth  and  fashion  of  the  whole 
eastern  section  of  the  country  centred  here.  We  find 
accordingly,  as  far  back  as  the  date  of  the  incorporation 
of  the  town,  that  balls,  parties,  theatrical  exhibitions,  and 
celebrations  of  various  kinds  were  of  common  occurrence. 

On  the  second  of  January,  1815,  the  first  theatre  was 
opened  here,  under  the  name  of  "  Theatre  Hoyal."  A 
large  barn  was  fitted  up  for  this  purpose.  It  still  exists, 
in  part  at  least,  though  it  was  removed  off  the  Neck,  and 
is  now  on  the  premises  of  Mr.  Charles  Veazie.  The 
actors  were  all  amateurs,  and  belonged  to  the  English 
garrison.  The  dresses,  scenery,  decorations,  and  stage 
property  generally  were  brought  from  Halifax.  The 
garrison  relieved  the  tedium  of  barrack  life  by  giving 
dramatic  performances  once  a  fortnight.  The  following 
lines,  w^ritten  by  Dr.  Mackesy,  surgeon  of  the  Sixty- 
second  Regiment,  will  give  some  idea  of  the  actors  as 
well  as  of  the  character  of  the  performances  : 


Later  Annals  of  the  Town.  63 


"  Occasional  Epilogue  to  the   Comedy  of  the  Pooi 
Gentleman.  " 

"•  The  scene  is  closed,  and  Wortliington  at  rest 
From  weary  care  that  filled  his  anxious  breast, 
His  cottage  raised  in  western  wilds  once  more, 
But  quits  Saint  Lawrence  for  Penobscot's  shore. 
Here  social  views  his  little  band  inspire, 
To  breathe  responsive  to  Apollo's  lyre ; 
In  tragic  strains  or  Thalia's  sprightly  art, 
Aim  to  enlarge  and  humanize  the  heart ; 
With  mimic  woes  the  feeling  bosom  warm. 
Or  merry  satire  calm  the  wintry  storm. 
The  drama's  past,  we  close  the  sportive  page ; 
More  varied  duties  now  our  thoughts  engage. 
Emily,  this  night  so  blessed  in  love  and  riches, 
At  morning's  dawn  draws  on  her  boots  and  breeches ; 
Then  Amazon-like  extends  the  martial  line, 
Gives  out  commands  and  seals  the  countersign. 
The  proud  Lucretia,  though  so  nobly  bred, 
Oft  bleeds  and  blisters  at  the  Galen's  head ; 
And  gay  Sir  Charles,  forgetting  Emily's  loss. 
Attends  all  duties  under  Corporal  Foss. 
Frederick,  no  grave  magistrate  surpasses. 
In  ministering  oaths  and  writing  passes. 
While  Old  Harrowby's  voice  the  vale  alarms. 
With  '  Attention  !     Steady  !     Shoulder  arms  ! ' 
And  war-like  aims  the  Cornet's  soul  inflame ; 
He  shuts  up  shop,  and  treads  the  paths  of  fame. 
At  Sir  Kobert's  nod  the  firm  ramparts  rise. 
The  bastions  range  —  the  vengeful  bullet  flies. 
Anxious  to  please,  each  member  of  the  corps 
Shall  do  his  best  to  cheer  this  dreary  shore ; 
More  thankful  still  when,  tried  by  candor's  laws. 
The  Poor  Gentleman's  efforts  merit  your  applause." 


64  Aticient  Castine. 

The  actors  referred  to  were  in  the  order  in  which  they 
are  mentioned :  Surgeon  J.  Mackesy  and  Ensign  J. 
Tummers,  of  the  Sixty-second ;  Lieutenant  J.  Broodrick, 
Twenty-ninth ;  Major  Irvins  and  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Ximenes,  Sixty-second ;  Adjutant  J.  Veazie,  Twenty- 
ninth  Eegiment :  and  Captain  Bonnycastle,  of  the  Royal 
Engineers.  Lieutenants  Wild,  Harrowby,  and  Dennis,  of 
the  Sixty-second,  also  took  minor  parts.  These  per- 
formances were  deemed  of  such  importance  as  to  call  for 
both  general  and  special  orders  from  the  commanding 
officer,  one  of  which  states  that  he  has  obtained  permis- 
sion for  the  staff  officers  and  color-sergeants,  with  their 
wives,  to  have  free  seats  in  the  pit  of  the  theatre,  and 
for  two  good  men  to  be  selected  from  each  company  to 
sit  in  the  gallery.  Other  orders  require  that  all  officers 
who  attend  the  theatre  shall  appear  in  dress,  and  that 
their  servants  shall  wear  their  regimental  dresses  and 
side-arms. 

The  departure  of  the  British  forces  was  celebrated  by 
an  illumination  of  the  town,  which  was  as  brilliant  as  the 
lack  of  gas  or  coal-oil  Avould  permit.  The  houses  were 
most  of  them  illuminated  by  tallow  candles  affixed  to 
potatoes  for  candlesticks. 

At  a  somewhat  later  date,  "■  house-warmings  "  came 
into  vogue.  These  were  suppers  given  by  the  first  occu- 
pants of  newly  built  houses,  usually  ending  with  music 
and  dancing. 

The  anniversaries  of  National  Independence  were  gen- 
erally celebrated  in  former  times  by  military  parades  and 
a  general  effervescence  of  military  spirit  among  the  people, 
too  often  accompanied  by  an  outpouring  of    spirits   of 


RESIDENCE     OF     THE     LATE     HON.     C.     J.     ABBOT. 


U.S.S.    "CASTINE. 


FRUIT     DISH. 


Later  Annals  of  the  To-ucn.  65 

another  kind.  In  these  hater  days  the  event  is  sehlom 
observed  here  further  than  by  the  early  ringing  of  bells, 
and  by  the  small  boy  with  his  torpedoes  and  fire-craekers. 
The  older  portion  of  the  community  make  the  day  a  holi- 
day, so  far  as  business  transactions  are  concerned,  and 
spend  it  either  quietly  at  home  or  go  on  family  picnics. 

Other  celebrations  of  various  kinds  are  recorded  as 
transpiring  from  time  to  time,  but  none  that  have  any 
special  significance  now,  except  for  those  whose  fore- 
fathers participated  in  them,  until  we  come  to  recent  days. 

The  last  and  most  noteworthy  event  was  the  presenta- 
tion, Dec.  31,  1894,  to  the  officers  of  the  United  States 
Cruiser  "  Castine  "  of  a  silver  fruit-dish,  donated  by  the 
town  in  recognition  of  the  honor  conferred  upon  it  by 
the  government.  Xotwithstanding  the  inclemency  of 
the  season,  there  was  a  large  attendance  at  the  town  hall, 
where  the  exercises  were  held.  The  meeting  was  called 
to  order  by  Mr.  William  H.  Witherle,  chairman  of  the 
committee  of  arrangements,  by  some  appropriate  remarks 
in  reference  to  the  action  of  the  town.  Dr.  George  A. 
Wheeler,  chairman  of  the  Selectmen,  extended  to  the 
officers  and  crew  of  the  "  Castine  "  an  official  welcome  to 
the  hospitalities  of  the  town,  and  the  silver  dish  was  pre- 
sented to  Thomas  Perry,  Commander  U.S.N.,  by  Mr. 
John  W.  Dresser  in  a  fitting  address,  which  was  grace- 
fully responded  to  by  Commander  Perry.  A  dinner  was 
given  in  the  evening  at  the  Pentagoet  House,  and  later  a 
reception  and  grand  ball  was  held  at  the  town  hall.  The 
following  day  the  officers  were  entertained  at  the  resi- 
dence of  Mr.  Alfred  F.  Adams,  and  the  day  after  the 
courtesies  of  the  officers  were  extended  to  the  citizens. 


PART  SECOND. 


A 


ND    yet   tt\ere's  qot  or\  eartl:\,   I   Weeri, 

R   fairer  spot   tl:\aq  old  Castir\e. 
0  \i?oiild  ttiat   itiere   ii\y    AOEqe   n\tgl:\t   be, 
Dowr\   by    tj:^e   n\oar\irig   sea. 


Mrs.  Evans. 


CHAPTER   I. 

DESCRIPTIVE. 

INTERESTING  HISTORICAL    PLACES. 

/"^ASTINE  began  to  attract  attention  as  a  summer  re- 
^-^  sort  about  the  year  1874,  although  long  before  that 
period  its  charms  had  become  known  to  the  few  who  had 
si)ent  the  season  with  their  friends  among  the  residents, 
or  who  had  stopped  on  their  way  home  from  the  more 
noted  resort  at  Bar  Harbor. 

The  town  possesses  peculiar  advantages  as  a  watering- 
place.  The  village  is  situated  on  the  southerly  slope  of 
a  hill  at  the  foot  of  which  are  the  waters  of  the  Bagaduce 
river.  The  opposite  slope  is  wooded,  and  terminates  in 
rocky  bluffs  overhanging  Penobscot  Bay.  The  natural 
drainage  of  the  place  is  almost  perfect,  and  in  addition 
to  this,  public  sewers  are  being  constructed  as  fast  as 
needed.  The  village  is  so  nearly  surrounded  by  water, 
that  no  matter  from  what  quarter  the  wind  may  blow  it 
comes  over  the  sea,  thereby  moderating  the  temperature 
both  in  summer  and  in  winter.  It  is  well  supplied  with 
water  both  from  natural  springs  and  deep  wells,  in  some 
places  bored  into  the  solid  ledge. 

Castine  is  an  extremely  healthy  town  at  all  seasons  of 
the  year,  but  especially  so  in  the  summer.  Typhoid  fever, 
unless  contracted  elsewhere,  is  unknown  here,  and  though 


70  Modern  Castine. 

no  guarantee  can  be  given  against  the  occurrence  of  epi- 
demics of  any  of  the  so-called  zymotic  or  contagious 
diseases,  yet  it  is  a  matter  of  notoriety  that  they  run  their 
course  in  an  exceptionally  mild  manner  and  do  not  be- 
come extensively  disseminated.  Not  only  is  the  resident 
population,  for  the  most  part,  one  of  which  any  town 
might  reasonably  feel  proud,  but  the  class  of  summer 
sojourners,  Avho  come  here  for  invigoration  and  recre- 
ation, is  an  especially  desirable  one.  The  ultra-fashion- 
able do  not  come,  and  would  not  feel  at  home  here. 
Instead,  artists,  professional  men,  and  wealthy  families 
from  all  over  the  country,  who  care  more  for  the  charms 
of  nature  and  restful  quietness  than  they  do  for  the  gay- 
eties  of  city  life,  are  more  and  more  making  this  their 
summer  home.  One  of  the  attractions  of  Castine  is  that 
summer  residents  are  entirely  untrammelled  by  the  re- 
strictions of  fashionable  city  life,  and  can  live  in  as 
much  or  as  little  style  as  they  desire.  The  town  is  less 
exclusive  and  more  cosmopolitan  than  many  others, 
but  there  are  abundant  opportimities  for  hermitages 
even  here. 

The  natural  scenery  of  the  place,  though  not  so  sub- 
lime as  that  of  moiintainous  regions,  nor  so  grand  as  that 
of  many  places  lying  more  exposed  to  the  ocean,  is  never- 
theless varied  and  charming.  The  views  afforded  of 
the  Bagaduce,  with  its  winding  line  of  shore  and  deep 
inlets,  and  of  the  broad  Penobscot  bay  and  river,  are  not 
surpassed,  if  equalled,  elsewhere.  Though  Castine,  unlike 
all  the  adjoining  towns,  possesses  no  natural  pond,  it 
boasts  the  possession  of  a  harbor  ''in  which  the  navies 
of  the  world  might  ride  at  ease,"  and  to  which  tourists 


Interesting  Historical  Places.  71 

from  abroad  have  given  the  name  of  the  "•  American  Bay 
of  Naples." 

This  harbor  contains  many  beautiful  islands.  Of  these, 
Nautilus  Island,  containing  about  thirty  acres  of  land, 
comes  within  the  jurisdiction  of  Brooksville,  being  con- 
nected with  that  town  by  a  bar.  Holbrook  Island,  far- 
ther to  the  south-west,  and  containing  about  fifty  acres, 
is  a  part  of  the  municipality  of  Castine.  In  addition  to 
these  are  the  two  Negro  islands,  Hospital  or  Noddle 
Island,  opposite  the  village,  and  some  seven  or  eight  small 
rocky  islets. 

Besides  its  natural  beauty,  the  peninsula  of  Castine 
has  so  many  points  of  historic  interest,  and  so  much  to 
attract  the  antiquarian,  that  it  needs  a  more  extended 
and  special  notice. 

rORTS    AND    BATTERIES. 

By  far  the  most  important  historical  place  in  the  village 
is  the  site  of  the  old  French  fort,  called  by  the  French 
themselves  Fort  Pentagoet,  but  called  by  the  English 
D'Aulney's,  and  at  a  later  period,  Castin's  fort.  There 
is  no  room  for  reasonable  doubt  that  it  is  at  least  two 
hundred  and  sixty-one  years  old.  Although  it  is  highly 
probable  that  it  was  erected  on  the  spot  of  the  old  Plym- 
outh Colony's  trading-house  in  1629,  yet  it  is  not  reason- 
able to  suppose  that  any  trace,  even  of  the  foundation,  of 
that  buihling,  exists  in  the  present  ruins.  It  is  without 
doubt,  however,  one  of  the  earliest  forts  now  to  be  found 
in  the  United  States.  Its  ruins  are  to  be  distinctly  seen 
in  the  southern  part  of  the  village,  and  are  to  be  noticed 
soon  after  entering  the  harbor.     The  place  is  designated 


72  Modern  Castine. 

by  a  sign-board.  It  is  situated  on  Perkins  street,  two 
lots  below  the  Agoncy  cottage.  Excavations  were  made 
bere  in  1878  and  in  1892,  and  the  plan  given  shows  the 
place  as  it  was  then,  with  the  exception  that  some  of  the 
soil  taken  off  in  1878  has  been  replaced. 

From  the  dimensions  given  in  the  Deed  of  Surrender 
the  fort  must  have  contained  at  that  time  something  like 
fifteen  thousand  square  feet,  and  as  the  entire  portion 
now  remaining  contains  only  a  little  over  seven  thousand 
square  feet,  it  is  evident  that  what  is  now  to  be  seen  is 
but  little  more  than  the  foundations  of  the  magazine,  to- 
gether with  the  paved  court,  and  a  small  portion  of  the 
quarters  for  the  workmen  and  soldiers.  In  fact,  nearly 
one-half  this  fort  has  been  worn  away  on  the  water  front 
by  the  action  of  the  rain  and  tides.  A  large  portion 
upon  the  sides  and  rear,  including  the  whole  of  the  outer 
fortification,  has  also  been  destroyed.  The  cellar  wall  is 
about  seventy  feet  from  the  edge  of  the  present  bank  of 
the  river.  According  to  the  plans  it  must  originally  have 
been  over  two  hundred  feet  from  the  water.  The  site  of 
this  fort  was  probably  a  favorite  place  of  resort  for  the 
Indians  long  before  the  advent  of  Europeans.  This  is 
inferred  from  the  existence  liere  of  a  large  shell  deposit, 
from  which  have  been  extracted  arrow-heads  and  other 
pieces  of  flint,  Indian  pipes,  etc.  Two  other  shell  deposits 
are  to  be  seen  on  the  opposite  shore,  in  Brooksville.  One 
is  at  Henry's  Point  and  the  other  at  Longfellow  Cove. 
At  one  of  these  places  a  piece  of  veritable  Indian  pot- 
tery, showing  the  string  markings,  was  unearthed  last 
summer. 

Next  in  importance  to  the   fort   just   described,   and 


''">"  J- 


FORT    PENTAGOET    CASTINE    ME. 

.PLAN    OH     e\CnV/\TIQN5     MADE     IN-   1S7S     AND    )8g2 


1      o 


Interesting  Historical  Places.  73 

more  interesting  to  all,  except  the  antiquarian,  is  one 
situated  nearly  north  from  it,  upon  the  high  land  in  the 
centre  of  the  peninsula.  It  is  on  High  street,  nearly 
opposite  the  Normal  School-house.  It  was  built  by  the 
British  in  June,  1779,  and  Avas  named  Fort  George,  in 
honor  of  his  Majesty  George  III.  The  fort  is  tetragonal 
in  shape,  with  a  bastion  at  each  of  the  four  angles,  which 
correspond  very  nearly  with  the  four  cardinal  points  of 
the  compass.  The  curtains  between  each  bastion  face 
therefore  north-east  and  north-west,  south-east  and  south- 
west. The  north-east  and  south-west  curtains  are  each 
two  hundred  and  thirty  feet  in  length.  The  nortli-west 
and  south-east  curtains  are  five  feet  shorter.  In  the 
south-east  curtain  is  the  gateway,  fifteen  feet  wide,  facing 
the  town.  The  moat,  or  ditch,  is  dug  down  to  the  ledge, 
and  the  dirt  helped  to  form  the  ramparts.  On  account 
of  this  ledge  it  was  impossible,  without  the  expenditure 
of  much  time  and  labor,  to  dig  the  ditch  deeper.  In  the 
west  bastion  was  the  well,  in  the  south,  the  magazine. 
From  the  bottom  of  the  ditch  to  the  top  of  the  ramparts 
was  twenty  feet.  The  ramparts  were  six  feet  wide  on 
the  top,  level,  and  guarded  by  fraising  and  palisades. 
The  latter  were  made  with  large  cedar  stakes  only  a  few 
inches  apart,  one  end  inserted  in  the  rampart  a  few  feet 
from  the  top,  the  other  end,  sharply  pointed,  extended 
horizontally  half-way  across  the  ditch,  rendering  an 
assault  difficult  and  dangeroiis.  The  bastion  containing 
the  magazine  was  fully  occupied  by  it.  The  entrances  to 
it  were  made  of  arched  passages  of  brick  and  mortar, 
over  which  were  layers  of  logs,  the  whole  covered  with 
earth.     A  row  of  barracks  was  built  parallel  to  the  north- 


74  Modern  Castiue. 

west  curtain.  After  the  British  left,  in  1815,  the  Ameri- 
can government  took  possession  of  it  and  garrisoned  it. 
The  fort  was  repaired  and  strengthened,  and  ncAV  bar- 
racks were  erected,  the  traces  of  which  are  still  visible. 
This  is  the  fort  in  which  Wadsworth  and  Burton  were 
confined,  and  from  which  they  made  their  escape.  It  was 
in  this  fort  that  the  gibbet  was  erected  upon  which  Ball 
and,  subsequently,  Elliot  were  executed.  The  fort  is 
now,  minus  the  buildings  and  munitions  of  war,  substan- 
tially the  same  as  when  the  British  left  it,  having  suf- 
fered comparatively  little  injury  either  from  climatic 
causes  or  from  acts  of  vandalism.  A  fine  view  in  all 
directions  can  be  obtained  from  its  ramparts,  and  it 
serves  accordingly  the  place  of  an  observatory  to  the 
citizens.  It  is  the  property  of  a  public-spirited  citizen, 
Mr.  George  H.  Witherle,  who  bought  the  several  lots  in 
which  it  was  contained  solely  for  the  purpose  of  pre- 
serving it  uninjured,  who  lias  ever  since  made  it  free  to 
the  public,  and  who  intends  eventually  to  have  it  come 
into  the  possession  of  the  town. 

Soon  after  the  erection  of  Fort  George,  the  British 
constructed  several  batteries  upon  this  peninsula  or  in 
its  vicinity.  Some  of  these  cannot  be  readily  found  to- 
day, even  by  those  who  once  knew  where  to  look  for 
them,  and  a  few  can  only  be  found  by  the  aid  of  a  guide. 
Those  which  can  readily  be  distinguished  are  here  men- 
tioned, so  that  they  can  be  found  by  the  reader  without 
much  trouble. 

Commencing  at  the  foot  of  the  hill,  on  the  road  lead- 
ing from  the  village,  and  not  far  from  the  bridge  Avliich 
crosses  the  old  canal,  is  North  l*oint  battery,  constructed 


Interesting  Historical  Places.  75 

in  1779,  Avhich  is  still  in  a  fair  condition,  though  the 
field  in  which  it  is  situated  has  been  cultivated  and  a 
portion  of  it  destroyed. 

Near  the  brow  of  the  hill,  on  the  right  as  you  ascend, 
in  the  pasture  near  the  road,  is  Battery  Gosselin,  named 
in  honor  of  the  English  general  commanding  the  garri- 
son in  1815,  and  was  therefore  erected  by  his  troops. 

Not  far  from  the  south-west  corner  of  the  cemetery. 
and  in  the  direction  of  the  wind-mill,  will  be  seen  what 
is  left  of  a  large  redoubt  which  has  sometimes  been 
called  Battery  Penobscot,  but  which  the  English  named 
Seamen's  battery,  it  having  been  built  by  British  ma- 
rines in  1779. 

Half  a  mile  farther  beyond  the  cemetery,  and  not  far 
from  the  eastern  extremity  of  the  peninsula,  called 
Hatch's  Point,  a  square  redoubt  was  erected  in  1779, 
called  East  Point  battery.  It  is  not  easily  found  except 
by  one  familiar  with  its  location. 

On  the  mainland,  opposite  the  last-mentioned  battery, 
was  one  erected  the  same  year  by  the  Americans,  and 
named  Westcott's.     It  can  no  longer  be  found. 

On  going  towards  Dyce's  Head  the  first  site  of  a  bat- 
tery is  about  where  Colonel  Bolan's  carriage-house  now 
stands.  It  is  the  site  of  the  most  noted  of  all  —  the 
"  Half-Moon,"  or  Battery  Furieuse.  It  was  the  battery 
captured  by  the  Americans  when  they  made  their  attack. 

At  the  lower  end  of  Perkins  street,  between  tlie  cot- 
tages of  Mr.  Edwin  Morey  and  Mr.  Thomas  D.  Blake,  is 
the  largest  redoubt  of  all,  excepting  Fort  (leorge.  It  be- 
longs to  the  United  States,  and  was  erected  about  1811, 
in  anticipation  of  a  war  with  England,  and  was  named 


76  Modern  Castme. 

Fort  Madison.  This  is  its  legitimate  name,  though  it 
was  called  by  the  British,  who  occupied  it  in  1814-15, 
Eort  Castine,  —  from  the  name  of  the  town,  and  not  in 
honor  of  the  Baron.  This  fort  was  rebuilt  during  the 
late  Civil  War,  and  garrisoned  by  a  company  of  United 
States  troops.  It  has  sometimes  been  called  Fort  Porter, 
and  often  the  United  States  fort,  lait  its  true  name,  as 
already  stated,  is  Fort  Madison.  It  is  a  square  fort, 
somewhat  similar  to  Fort  George,  though  considerably 
smaller.  It  contains  a  magazine  and  a  well,  and  in  the 
last  war  mounted  five  guns,  two  24-pounders  en  barbette 
and  three  32-pounders  in  the  embrasures. 

In  Witherle  Park  are  to  be  found  the  remains  of  two 
small  Revolutionary  batteries  and  the  site  of  an  old 
block-house.  One  of  these  batteries  was  named  West 
Point,  the  other  has  never  been  named,  so  far  as  is 
known.  Only  the  ledge  on  which  the  block-house  stood 
can  now  be  seen.  This  building  was  probably  con- 
structed more  for  an  observatory  than  for  the  protection 
it  would  afford,  though  it  was  built  in  true  block-house 
style.  It  was  twenty  feet  square  on  the  ground  floor, 
the  second  story  projected  over  the  first.  It  had  no 
cupola,  as  shown  in  the  illustration,  but  above  it  the 
sides  of  the  building  were  continued  four  feet  higher. 
Neither  the  site  of  this  building  nor  either  of  the  bat- 
teries can  be  found  without  the  aid  of  a  guide. 

Near  Wadsworth  Cove  is  a  large  redoubt  named  Bat- 
tery Griflith,  in  honor  of  Rear-Admiral  Griffith,  who  coin- 
manded  the  naval  force  in  1814-15.  The  dimensions  of 
this  battery  are  forty-seven  feet  front  by  ninety  feet  on 
the  sides.     It  is  in  shape  an  irregular  quadrilateral.     It 


Interesting  Historical  Places.  11 

enclosed  barracks  the  foundations  of  which  measure  six- 
teen by  thirty  feet.  This  battery  commands  the  entire 
cove.  It  is  in  a  good  state  of  preservation  and  is  the 
property  of  the  town.  The  Wadsworth  Cove  road 
touches  the  southern  corner. 

The  only  remaining  battery  on  the  peninsula  is  in  the 
pasture  near  to,  but  north  of,  Fort  George.  It  is  a  semi- 
circular battery,  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  extent, 
and  enclosing  a  redoubt  which  measiires  forty-six  feet. 
It  was  named  Battery  Sherbrooke,  in  honor  of  the  gen- 
eral who  had  the  supreme  command  of  all  the  land  forces 
of  the  English  at  this  place  in  1814-15.  In  the  field 
south-west  of  Fort  George  are  to  be  seen  what  is  left  of 
the  American  rifle-pits  and  other  iutrenchments. 

On  Nautilus  Island  are  the  remains  of  a  battery 
erected  by  the  British  in  1779.  It  was  the  first  one 
captured  by  the  Americans.  The  island  is  the  property 
of  Mr.  Henry  C.  Williams,  of  Brooklyn,  and  the  grounds 
are  not  open  to  the  public. 

OLD    HOUSES. 

The  greater  number  of  the  houses  built  here  about  the 
time  of  the  incorporation  of  the  town  have,  like  their 
occupants,  passed  away.  Of  those  which  yet  remain, 
the  oldest  is  believed  to  be  that  now  occupied  as  a  hotel 
and  called  tlie  Castine  House.  Its  exact  age  is  not  known, 
but  it  was  built  considerably  over  a  hundred  years  ago. 
The  Pentagoet  and  Acadian  hotels  occupy  the  sites  of 
two  of  the  early-built  houses,  and  a  part  of  the  latter 
constituted  what  was  known  as  the  Cobb  house.  The 
Hooke,  the  Gay,  and  the  Dyer  houses,  on  Water  street, 


78  Modern  Castine. 

are  all  very  old  buildings,  and  betoken  by  tlieir  size 
and '  shape,  and  the  terraced  grounds  in  front  of  them, 
the  prosperity  of  their  former  owners. 

The  residence  of  Mrs.  Samuel  K.  Whiting,  near  the 
Common,  was  one  of  those  occupied  by  the  English  in 
1814-15.  There  was  formerly  in  one  of  the  windows  of 
the  house  a  pane  of  glass  which  had  scratched  upon  it 
Avith  a  diamond,  b}^  Lieutenant  Elliott,  a  British  officer, 
a  picture  of  the  British  flag,  with  the  Stars  and  Stripes 
underneath,  upside  down,  and  the  words  "  Yankee  Doodle 
upset."  The  author's  sitting-room  was  once  the  office  of 
a  British  paymaster,  and  there  are  quite  a  number  of 
other  houses  still  standing  which  were  occupied  by  the 
British  in  1814  or  1815,  and  which  were  built  some  years 
prior  to  that  event. 

The  Johnston  house,  on  Main  street,  was  built  early  in 
the  century,  and  is  noted  for  its  fine  hall,  which  has  been 
often  sketched  by  artists. 

The  Perkins  house,  on  Court  street,  is  perliaps  nearly 
as  old  as  the  Castine  House.  At  all  events,  it  was  built 
before  the  street  in  front  of  it,  which  is  the  reason  why 
the  street  curves  at  that  point. 

The  Tilden  house,  corner  of  Main  and  Court  streets, 
was  the  abode  of  the  first  settled  minister,  Rev.  William 
Mason,  and  was  probably  built  soon  after  his  settlement, 
in  1798. 

The  house  on  Main  street,  north  of  the  residence  of 
Mr.  Williaux  H.  Witherle,  and  now  occupied  by  Mr.  K. 
P.  Noyes,  there  is  every  reason  to  believe  was  built  as 
early  as  1791. 

The  Avery  house,    at  Xorth   Castine,    known  in  the 


Interesting  Histoiical  Places.  79 

last  century  as  the  Avery  Inn.  is  perhaps  as  old  as  any 
standing  in  the  village.  It  is  noted  for  having  been  in 
olden  times  the  scene  of  frequent  festivities  by  former 
collectors  of  customs,  gentlemen  of  the  bar,  and  other 
magnates.  It  was  occupied  by  the  British  in  1815,  and 
the  held  near  it  was  the  old  mustering-ground  of  the 
militia  in  the  District  of  Maine. 

The  meeting-house  of  the  First  Parish,  commonly 
called  the  Unitarian  Church,  is  the  oldest  church-build- 
ing in  this  vicinity.  It  is  probably  older  than  any  in  the 
county,  and  among  the  oldest  in  the  State.  It  was  built 
in  1790.  The  interior,  however,  has  been  remodelled  and 
the  old  galleries  removed.  It  still  retains  the  old  pews 
and  pulpit,  and  such  is  the  att;ichment  to  it  of  the  society 
that  worship  there  that  not  even  the  possible  gain  of  a 
larger  congregation  has  yet  been  sufficient  to  induce  them 
to  make  any  further  alterations. 

The  exact  age  of  the  Town  Hall  is  not  known,  but  as 
it  was  originally  the  Court-house,  and  as  the  courts  were 
held  here  as  early  as  June,  1790,  it  must  be  over  one  hun- 
dred years  old.  The  jail  was  just  above  it,  and  near  it 
were  the  stocks,  which  were  built  by  the  old  town  of 
Penobscot  in  1793  or  1794.  The  jail  was  torn  down  after 
the  removal  of  the  courts  to  Ellsworth,  but  the  Court- 
house was  bought  by  the  town.  It  has  been  somewhat 
remodelled,  but  is  substantially  the  same  as  when  built. 
This  building  has  not  only  been  used  as  a  court-house 
and  town-house,  but  has  served  as  a  school-house  and  as 
a  church.  It  was  occupied  by  the  Second  Parish  before 
their  church  was  built,  and  for  several  summers  past  it 
has  been  used  by  the  Episcopalians. 


80  Modern  Castine. 


RELICS. 

There  are  many  interesting  relics  of  the  past  retained 
in  the  town,  but  most  of  them  are  the  property  of  pri- 
vate citizens,  and  are  exhibited  only  as  a  personal  favor. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  time  is  not  far  distant  when 
some  provision  will  be  made  by  the  town  for  their  col- 
lection and  preservation  in  a  proper  museum.  There  is 
one  relic  which  belongs  to  the  town  itself  and  can  be 
readily  seen.  It  is  an  old  fire-engine  named  "  Hancock." 
When  and  by  whom  it  was  obtained  is  a  matter  of  some 
doubt.  The  date  marked  on  it  is  1804.  No  appropri- 
ation was  ever  made  for  it  by  the  town,  and  it  was  prob- 
ably bought  by  private  subscription.  For  many  years 
the  town  has  taken  care  of  it,  but  there  is  no  record  of 
its  ever  being  given  to  the  town.  During  the  British 
occupation  in  1814-15  it  was  taken  charge  of  by  the 
troops,  kept  in  Fort  George,  and  a  detail  of  soldiers 
made  daily  to  act  as  firemen.  It  is  still  in  a  condition 
to  be  used,  but  has  the  great  disadvantage  of  having  to 
be  kept  filled  by  buckets. 

Among  the  most  interesting  relics  are  the  celebrated 
"  Castine  coins,"  some  of  which  are  still  in  town,  although 
a  complete  collection  of  the  different  kinds  has  been  given 
to  the  Maine  Historical  Society.  These  coins,  which 
originally  numbered  something  like  two  thousand  pieces, 
were  found  in  1840,  by  a  farmer  of  Penobscot,  on  the  side 
of  a  rocky  hill  in  that  town,  some  twenty  rods  from  the 
shore  of  the  Bagadnce  river.  They  are  called  the  "  Cas- 
tine coins  "  because  of  the  strong  probability  that  they 
were  placed  where  they  were  found  b}^  the  Baron  Castin 


^  "Willi)  it 


Relics.  81 

or  some  of  his  family  at  tlie  time  he  was  driven  from 
his  house  by  Governor  Andros  in  1688,  or  else  left  there 
by  the  family  when  they  departed  for  Canada,  in  1704. 
These  coins  were  mostly  French  money,  though  there  was 
a  large  number  of  Spanish  "  Cob  "  dollars,  or  "  pieces  of 
eight."  There  were  some  Belgic  and  Portuguese  coins 
and  some  twenty-five  or  thirty  Massachusetts  pine-tree 
shillings  and  sixpences,  all  dated  1652.  There  were  a 
very  few  English  shillings.  In  1863,  on  the  beach  just 
below  Fort  Fentagoet,  a  gold  "  demi-Louis  "  was  found. 
It  was  dated  1642,  and  was  in  good  preservation  and  but 
little  worn. 

In  the  year  1863  a  piece  of  sheet  copper  ten  inches 
long  by  eight  wide  was  found  in  the  ground  near  Fort 
Madison.  The  letters  upon  the  plate  are  evidently  ab- 
breviations of  the  following  inscription  : 

"  1648,  8  Junii,  Frater  Leo  Parisiensis,  in  Capucinorura 
Missione,  posui  hoc  fundamentum  in  honorem  nostrae 
Dominae  Sanctae  Spei." 

Of  which  this  is  the  translation  : 

"  1648,  June  8,  I,  Friar  Leo,  of  Paris,  Capuchin  Mis- 
sionary, laid  this  foundation  in  honor  of  our  Lady  of 
Holy  Hope." 

This  plate  was  evidently  placed  in  the  foundation  of 
some  Catholic  chapel,  and  there  is  but  little  doubt  that 
it  was  the  one  described  as  being  "  over  the  gateway " 
of  Fort  Pentagoet.  There  is  a  possibility,  however,  as 
all  the  other  Catholic  missionaries  here  were  Jesuits, 
that  the  Capuchin  mission  may  have  had  an  entirely 
separate  chapel  of  its  own.  If  the  latter  supposition  be 
true,    it   would   not,   in   that   case,  be   unreasonable   to 


82  Modern  Castine. 

suppose  that  the  plate  was  found  near  Avhere  it  was 
originally  placed.  This  plate  is  now  in  the  possession 
of  Mr.  George  H.  Witherle. 

The  author  has  in  his  possession  many  old  hinges, 
bolts,  tomahawks  or  hatchets,  stone  axes,  chisels  or 
gouges,  and  other  curiosities,  which  were  found  about 
here,  and  mostly  at  Fort  Pentagoet.  There  are  also  in 
possession  of  many  citizens  cannon-balls,  buttons,  and 
other  reminders  of  the  Revolutionary  War  or  of  the 
second  British  occupation  of  the  town.  Furniture  of 
that  period  is  scarce,  but  some  genuine  articles  are  still 
to  be  found  in  town.  There  are  four  old  cannon  pre- 
served in  town.  One  of  them  belonged  to  the  old  ship 
"  Canova,"  and  is  kept  fastened  to  the  building  on  Aca- 
dia wharf.  The  other  three  are  the  property  of  the 
United  States,  and  are  under  charge  of  keepers  appointed 
by  the  government.  One  of  them  is  just  below  Fort 
George,  one  near  Otter  Kock  cottage,  and  the  other  below 
the  Stone  cottage.  They  are  24-pounders,  and  are 
marked  on  the  breech  with  their  numbers  simply.  They 
are  undoubtedly  American  guns,  and  date  back  to  the 
War  of  1812,  and  may  possibly  be  relics  of  the  Revolu- 
tionary War. 


CHAPTER    II. 

SUMMER    COTTAGES. 

rpHE  first  distinctively  summer  residence  Avas  erected 
-^  here  abont  1876  by  the  Late  Hon.  Henry  C.  Goode- 
now,  of  Bangor.  It  is  on  Perkins  street,  opposite  the 
upper  end  of  Nautilus  Island.  It  has  a  good  beach  and 
a  small  wharf  for  boats  and  yachts.  It  is  now  owned 
by  Mrs.  C.  G.  Wilson,  of  Brooklyn.  On  the  grounds 
adjoining  the  house  a  small  astronomical  observatory  has 
been  recently  erected. 

The  Stone  cottage  was  erected  in  1884,  by  Mr. 
Frank  P.  Wood,  of  Bangor.  It  is  situated  at  the  extreme 
lower  end  of  Perkins  street.  It  received  its  designation 
from  the  fact  that  it  was  built  upon  the  lower  story  of 
the  only  stone  building  in  the  town.  This  portion  is 
nearly  one  hundred  years  old. 

The  small  but  picturesque  cottage  at  Dyce's  Head, 
called  Winonah,  on  the  cliff  overlooking  Penobscot 
Bay,  and  facing  Belfast,  twelve  miles  distant,  was  built 
by  Mr.  Bod  well  in  1882,  and  purchased  and  remodelled 
by  Mr.  Bernhard  Pol,  of  Bangor,  in  1885,  who  makes  it 
his  summer  home.     It  is  a  veritable  bijou. 

The  handsome  residence  called  Otter  Rock,  situated 
on  Perkins  street,  opposite  the  rock  of  the  same  name  at 
the  entrance  of  the  harbor,  is  owned  and  occupied  by 
Mr.    Henry   McLaughlin,    of   Bangor.     It  was  built   in 


84  Modern  Castine. 

1885.     It  is  tastefully  laid  out,  aud  the  flower-beds  and 
shrubbery  excite  the  admiration  of  all  who  behold  them. 

In  1887  Mr.  Frank  P.  Wood  built,  and  for  several  years 
occupied,  the  Rock  wood,  a  house  built  of  logs,  and 
hence  known  in  common  parlance  as  the  Log  Cabin. 
Though  a  handsome  residence,  its  popular  name  indicates 
its  style  of  construction.  It  is  at  the  lower  end  of  High 
street,  not  far  from  the  light-house. 

On  the  south-eastern  side  of  Madison  Park  is  the  hand- 
some residence  of  Mr.  Edwin  Morey,  of  Boston.  It  is 
one  of  the  largest  and  probably  the  most  expensive 
house  in  the  village.  It  has  a  fine  lawn,  and  a  wharf 
where  his  steam-yacht  "  Princess  ''  can  receive  or  land 
his  guests. 

On  the  south-western  side  of  Madison  Park,  Mr. 
Thomas  D.  Blake,  of  Brookline,  Mass.,  built  his  cottage, 
the  Belmont,  in  1890.  It  is  a  handsome  building, 
and  the  grounds  are  well  laid  out,  and  are  being  con- 
stantly improved.  He  owns  on  both  sides  of  the  street 
and  has  a  fine  tennis-court  opposite  his  house. 

The  Cliff  cottage,  just  beyond  the  light-house,  was 
built  by  Mr.  Wood  in  1888.  It  has  a  fine  water  view, 
but  the  grounds  have  been  left  pretty  much  in  their 
natural  state. 

The  Carofan,  a  small  but  artistic  cottage,  on  Perkins 
street,  near  the  Stone  cottage,  was  built  in  1893  b}"  the 
Misses  Schenck  and  Way,  who  occupy  it  summers. 
The  name  of  the  house  is  a  comj)ound  of  their  own 
names. 

The  Agency  cottage,  on  Perkins  street,  just  east  of 
the  old   French  fort,  is  the  property  of  Colonel  A.  K. 


Summer  Cottages.  85 

Bolan,  of  New  York.  It  is  a  handsome  and  commodious 
house,  and  has  a  superb  water  front,  Avitli  a  full  view  of 
the  harbor.  The  grounds  towards  the  street  are  taste- 
fully laid  out,  and  there  is  a  fine  beach  in  front.  The 
stables  are  at  the  southern  end  of  Court  street,  but 
within  a  reasonable  distance  from  the  house.  This  cot- 
tage was  built  in  1893.  Colonel  Bolan  has  become  a 
permanent  citizen  of  the  town. 

In  1881  Mr.  Charles  F.  Bates,  of  Wollaston  Heights, 
Mass.,  purchased  the  Moore  homestead.  He  has  a  small 
but  neat  cottage  and  extensive  grounds  in  the  rear,  run- 
ning down  to  the  water  at  Wadsworth  Cove.  It  is  the 
first  cottage  on  High  street,  just  south-west  of  Fort 
George. 

Next  to  the  last  mentioned  is  the  cottage  of  Rev.  L. 
0.  Brastow,  D.D.,  Professor  in  the  Yale  Theological 
School.     Mr.    Brastow   purchased  the  Ober  cottage,    in 

1891,  of  the  N.  B.  Mansfield  estate,  and  has  remodelled  it. 
These  two  cottages  being  on  high  land,  have  very  exten- 
sive views. 

In  1893  the  well-known  author,  Mr.  Noah  Brooks, 
formerly  of  Newark,  N.  J.,  but  a  native  of  Castine,  bought 
the  house  then  occupied  by  Dr.  E,  E.  Philbrook.  It  is 
on  Main  street.  The  house  can  only  by  courtesy  be  called 
a  summer  residence,  since  Mr.  Brooks  has  made  this 
town  his  place  of  permanent  abode,  and  resides  here  the 
greater  portion  of  the  year. 

Mr.  Frank  P.  Wood  built  The  Bowlder,  the  fine  cot- 
tage in  which  he  is  at  present  spending  his  summers,  in 

1892.  It  is  situated  just  above  the  Rockwood,  at  the 
lower  end  of  Hiarh  street.     Its  construction  shows  great 


86  Modern  Castine. 

ingenuity,  as  well  as  taste.  It  is  on  the  antique  style, 
and  a  good  deal  of  the  woodwork  came  from  well-known 
old  colonial  houses  torn  down  to  make  room  for  the  new 
State  House  in  Boston.  Mr.  Wood  owns  a  considerable 
tract  of  land  at  that  end  of  the  village,  and  has  done  a 
good  deal  to  promote  its  value. 

In  1894  Hon.  H.  M.  Burr,  of  Newton,  Mass.,  erected  a 
handsome  and  substantial  cottage  on  the  south  side  of 
High  street,  opposite  the  Rockwood.  It  is  built  at  the 
extreme  edge  of  the  bank,  so  that  the  broad  veranda 
nearly  overhangs  the  water  at  high  tide. 

During  the  past  year,  1895,  three  cottages  were  built 
at  the  lower  end  of  High  street.  The  lowest  one,  near 
Mr.  Wood's  residence,  was  built  and  occupied  the  past 
summer  by  Rev.  Arthur  M.  Little,  rector  of  an  Episcopal 
church,  Evanston,  111.  Just  above  Mr.  Little's  is  one 
entitled  **  Waldmar,"  erected  by  Mr.  W.  H.  Wing,  of 
New  York.  It  is  in  the  Norman dy-French  style.  Still 
farther  to  the  east,  and  near  the  entrance  to  Witherle 
Park,  is  the  cottage  of  Mr.  Arthur  Fuller,  of  Boston.  It 
is  a  large,  handsome,  and  well-constructed  house,  and 
has  a  view  superior  to  any  of  the  others.  Owing  to  the 
recent  date  of  erection  of  these  cottages,  none  of  them 
have  the  improved  grounds  that  will  doubtless  be  seen 
at  no  distant  future. 

In  3891  Dr.  J.  W.  Grindle,  of  New  York,  purchased 
the  old  Stover  Hatch  house  and  remodelled  it.  Subse- 
quently he  bought  the  Noyes  ship-yard  lot  adjoining, 
and  at  a  considerable  expense  has  graded  it  up  to  make 
a  handsome  lawn.  This  cottage  is  on  I'erkiiis  street,  a 
short  distance  below  the  Acadian  Hotel. 


Summer  Cottages.  87 

In  1889  Prof.  James  B.  Ames,  of  Cambridge,  Mass., 
dean  of  the  Harvard  Law  School,  bought  what  was  known 
as  the  Jonathan  Perkins  farm.  It  is  a  beautiful  lo- 
cality on  Perkins  Point,  in  Xorth  Castine,  at  the  end 
of  ]Mill  lane.  He  has  one  of  the  best  barns  in  the  county, 
and  the  whole  farm  is  rapidly  being  brought  under  a 
high  state  of  cultivation. 

In  1890  Prof.  W.  A.  Keener,  dean  of  Columbia  Law 
School,  Xew  York,  bought  the  Jesse  Gardner  farm, 
just  out  of  the  village,  and  has  greatly  improved  it.  The 
place  is  known  as  Hill  Crest. 

There  is  now,  1895,  in  process  of  construction,  on  the 
Morse's  Cove  road,  about  two  and  one-half  miles  from 
the  village,  in  what  was  formerly  known  as  Hatch's 
woods,  the  largest  and  probably  one  of  the  finest  houses 
in  this  vicinity.  It  is  owned  by  Mr.  W.  D.  Porter,  of 
Chicago.  It  has  an  extensive  view  up  and  down  the 
Penobscot  river.  The  grounds  are  very  spacious,  and 
are  to  be  elaborately  laid  out.  It  is  to  be  called  "  Moss 
Acre." 

There  is  now  in  process  of  erection  and  nearly  com- 
pleted, upon  Holbrook  Island,  a  fine  cottage,  intended  for 
the  occupancy  of  its  builder,  Mr.  E.  K.  Harris,  of  Boston. 

Several  summer  cottages  have  been  erected  in  the 
town  of  Brooksville,  two  of  which  are  mentioned  in  this 
connection  on  account  of  their  proximity  to  Castine,  from 
whicli  place  their  mail  and  all  their  supplies  are  received. 
The  one  on  Xautilus  Island  belongs  to  Mr.  Henry  AVill- 
iams,  of  Brooklyn.  It  attracts  the  attention  of  all 
approaching  Castine  by  steamer,  on  account  of  its  size 
and  commanding'  situation  on  the  island. 


88  Modern  Castine. 

The  other,  on  Cape  Rosier,  opposite  Ram  Island, 
belongs  to  Mr.  E.  H.  Hutchins,  of  Boston.  It  seems,  at 
first  siglit,  inaccessible,  on  account  of  its  situation,  at  the 
very  top  of  an  extremely  steep  hill.  The  view  of  Penob- 
scot Bay  to  be  obtained  from  its  windows,  and  especially 
from  its  spacious  veranda,  amply  repays  the  labor  of 
ascent,  and  vindicates  the  judgment  of  the  owner. 

CHURCHES    AND    ASSOCIATIONS. 

The  religiously  inclined  will  find  on  week-days  as  well  as 
Sundays  opportunities  to  gratify  their  aspirations.  They 
may  not,  indeed,  find  here  the  particular  services  to  which 
they  are  accustomed,  but  they  will  be  gladly  received 
into  either  of  the  three  churches,  Trinitarian,  Methodist, 
or  Unitarian,  to  which  their  feelings  most  incline  them, 
and  will  be  welcomed  at  the  meetings  of  the  Christian 
Endeavor  Association,  the  Epworth  League,  or  the 
Woman's  Alliance.  Apart  from  their  denominational 
distinctions,  these  churches  possess  each  its  own  peculiar 
attraction.  The  first  named  is  the  more  modern,  and  is 
considered  the  handsomest.  Its  spire  is  especially  grace- 
ful. The  Methodist  Church  has  just  been  enlarged  and 
otherwise  improved,  and  a  Methodist  Chapel  has  recently 
been  erected  near  the  Grange  Hall,  at  North  Castine.  The 
very  simplicity  and  plainness  of  the  Unitarian  Meeting- 
house, together  with  its  age,  recommend  it  to  many. 

If  a  visitor  here  be  a  Mason  or  an  Odd  Fellow,  he  will 
find  his  place  awaiting  him  in  Lodges  of  these  orders. 
Hancock  Lodge,  No.  4,  is,  as  its  number  shows,  one  of  the 
oldest  Lodges  in  Maine.  It  was  chartered  in  1794  by 
the  Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  and  still  uses  its  old 


CJiurches  and  Association^.        .  89 

Masonic  furniture,  and  has  many  interesting  mementos  of 
the  olden  time  in  its  archives.  This  Lodge  observed  its 
centennial  in  public,  with  interesting  and  appropriate 
addresses.  Massasoit  Lodge,  Xo.  84,  of  Odd  Fellows,  is  in 
its  youth.  It  is  in  a  highly  prosperous  condition,  owns  its 
own  hall,  and  is  cordial  in  its  welcome  to  visiting  brothers. 
Its  meetings  are  held  weekly  throughout  the  year,  on  Mon- 
days. Charles  L.  Stevens  Post,  iSTo.  72,  G.A.R.,  holds 
its  meetings  on  the  first  and  third  Tuesday  of  every 
month.  Castine  Grange,  P.  of  H.,  holds  weekly  meetings 
every  Wednesday  evening  in  its  hall  at  Xorth  Castine. 

A  Village  Improvement  Society,  composed  largely, 
though  by  no  means  exclusively,  of  summer  residents, 
has  done  a  great  deal  to  benefit  the  town  in  ways  out- 
side of  the  ordinary  routine  of  town  affairs.  It  has  fur- 
nished the  lamps  and  posts  for  lighting  the  streets, 
placed  benches  at  various  points  on  Perkins  and  High 
streets,  has  given  the  town  the  gateway  to  the  cemetery, 
and  in  numberless  other  ways  has  worked  for  the  benefit 
of  the  community.  Its  meetings  are  not  held  with  any 
special  regularity,  but  whenever  called  by  the  president, 
or  at  request  of  members.  At  tlie  present  time  Mr. 
Frank  P.  Wood  is  president;  CoL  A.  K.  Bolan,  vice- 
president  ;  Mr.  Albert  F.  Richardson,  secretary ;  and  Mr. 
Charles  H.  Hooper,  treasurer. 

To  a  certain  number,  one  of  the  attractions  at  Castine 
is  its  Town  Library,  which,  though  small,  numbering 
only  about  three  thousand  volumes,  has  some  valuable 
books.  While  it  is  particularly  well  furnished  in  the 
department  of  history,  it  has  a  good  supply  of  lighter 
matter.     The    citizens  are  anxiouslv  awaiting  the  time 


90  Modern  Castine. 

when  some  wealthy  friend  of  the  town  Avill  give  a  suit- 
able building  to  contain  it.  In  the  meantime  they  are 
doing  the  best  they  can  with  an  annual  appropriation  of 
about  one  hundred  and  seventy  dollars.  Any  one  is  al- 
lowed to  nse  this  library  as  a  reading-room,  and  any 
temporary  resident  can  take  books  from  it  npon  giving 
reasonable  security  for  their  return, 

WALKS  AND  DRIVES. 

Only  for  those  unacquainted  with  the  town  is  any  ac- 
count needed  of  its  finest  walks  and  drives.  To  obtain 
good  views  of  the  water  one  should  take  the  entire  length 
of  Water  and  Perkins  streets,  resting  a  while  at  Madison 
Park,  the  site  of  Fort  Madison,  which  has  recently  been 
given  up  to  the  town  by  the  United  States  for  the  pur- 
pose of  a  public  park,  and  which  it  is  intended  to  improve 
year  by  year.  A  visit  from  the  park  can  easily  be  made 
to  the  light-house  at  Dyce's  Head.  This  is  a  stone  tower 
sheathed  with  wood  and  painted  white.  The  light,  a 
fixed  white,  is  one  hundred  and  thirty  feet  above  the 
level  of  the  sea,  and  is  visible  at  a  distance  of  seventeen 
nautical  miles.  The  gentlemanly  keeper  of  the  liglit, 
Mr.  Charles  Gott,  will  admit  visitors  to  the  tower  at  all 
reasonable  hours  except  on  Sunday. 

The  return  from  this  stroll  should  be  by  High  street 
to  the  windmill  and  cemetery.  To  most  people  there  is 
nothing  especially  attractive  about  the  latter  place,  ex- 
cept the  fine  view  it  affords  of  the  harbor.  There  are 
several  old  graves  without  headstones,  and  a  tablet  has 
been  set  up  over  the  grave  of  the  first  known  occupant 
of  the    ground,  who  was  a  P>ritish  soldier.     There   are 


Walks  and  Drives.  91 

also  a  few  curious  epitaphs  to  be  found  by  those  inter- 
ested in  sucli  matters.  The  windmill  is  in  a  very  sightly 
place.  This  mill  is  rather  superior  to  the  one  which 
stood  near  there  in  the  latter  part  of  the  last  century. 
At  least,  it  has  not  yet  required  the  frequent  repairs 
which  the  old  song  attributes  to  the  former  windmill. 
The  rhyme  runs  thus  : 

"On  Hatch's  Hill 
There  stands  a  mill. 
Old  Higgins  he  doth  tend  it. 
Every  time  he  grinds  a  grist 
He  has  to  stop  and  mend  it." 

The  return  to  the  village  should  be  by  way  of  Court 
street.  At  the  Common,  on  this  street,  is  a  memorial 
statue  which,  though  of  small  size,  is  well  designed  and 
artistically  executed,  and  is  far  better  deserving  the  time 
required  to  inspect  it  than  many  more  pretentious  and 
far  more  costly  ones.  The  stroll  just  described  is  about 
two  miles  in  extent. 

Another  pleasant  walk  is  from  High  street,  past  Fort 
George  to  Battery  Griffith  and  Wadsworth  Cove.  The 
fort  mentioned  is  so  near  that  it  can  be  visited  at  any 
time,  but  the  preferable  time  is  at  sunset.  The  view  from 
the  ramparts  of  the  sun  setting  over  the  water  cantiot  be 
surpassed,  if  it  can  be  equalled,  elseAvhere. 

One  desiring  a  quiet  stroll  through  tields  and  woods 
should  go  into  Witherle  Park,  through  the  gate  on  High 
street,  near  the  Fuller  cottage.  This  park  is  the  private 
property  of  a  public-spirited  citizen  who  allows  free  access 
to  it  at  all  times  upon  the  sole  condition  that  the  gate  be 


92  Modern  Casiine. 

kept  closed  and  that  no  malicious  or  thoughtless  mischief 
be  done  to  the  observatory  or  trees  This  observatory 
stands  upon  the  highest  point  of  land  on  the  peninsula. 
The  base  of  it  is  two  hundred  and  seventeen  feet  above 
the  ocean,  and  the  top  is  eighty  feet  higher.  From  it 
a  view  can  be  obtained  at  all  points  of  the  compass. 
One  of  the  roads  in  this  park  leads  to  a  square  opening 
at  the  foot  of  a  steep  hill,  from  which  a  footpath  has  been 
made  to  Trask's  rock,  where  the  American  landing  was 
made  in  1779. 

With  the  exception  of  the  footpath  to  Trask's  rock,  the 
foregoing  route  will  serve  equally  as  well  for  those  who 
prefer  a  carriage  drive  as  for  pedestrians. 

To  those  desiring  longer  drives  than  the  village  affords, 
what  is  called  the  "Ten-mile  drive"  —  in  reality  twelve 
miles  —  is  the  best  for  a  short  excursion.  Leaving  the 
end  of  High  street  and  going  down  a  long  hill,  or  taking 
the  new  road  which  leads  by  Fort  George,  and  crossing 
the  beach,  and  then  ascending  the  hill  on  the  opposite 
side  of  the  canal,  the  tourist  will  come  to  the  "  crotch  of 
the  roads,"  where,  one  hundred  years  ago,  stood  the  little 
"  red  "  school-house  of  that  period.  Taking  the  right- 
hand  or  stage  road,  he  will  pass  along  in  full  view  of  the 
Bagaduce  river  for  a  distance  of  two  miles,  Avlien  he  will 
come  to  the  I'oad  which  leads  to  the  Castine  and  Brooks- 
ville  ferry,  and  a  few  rods  farther  on  to  the  iSTorth  Cas- 
tine post-office.  Continuing  for  about  a  mile  farther, 
catching,  as  he  proceeds,  occasional  views  of  the  same 
water  where  it  is  compressed  by  the  hills  into  the  "  Nar- 
rows," lie  will  come  to  the  Penobscot  and  Bluehill  road. 
Keeping  directly  on,  the  next  mile  of  his  course  will  take 


JValks  and  Drives.  93 

him  away  from  all  view  of  the  w^ater  ;  but  the  road,  pass- 
ing, as  it  does,  through  a  more  woody  country,  offers  a 
temporary  relief  to  the  eye  which  is  not  unwelcome. 
After  passing  through  the  grove  he  will  arrive  at  a  hill 
upon  the  descent  of  which  he  will  obtain  a  view^  of 
the  Penobscot  river,  and  will  perceive  upon  the  opposite 
side  the  hotel  and  light-house  at  Fort  Point.  Turning 
to  the  left,  at  the  foot  of  the  hill,  he  will  soon  come  to  the 
bridge  at  Morse's  Cove,  whence  he  will  follow  on  down 
along  the  Penobscot  river  until  he  reaches  the  stage  road 
upon  ^yhich  he  started.  From  the  commencement  of  the 
woods  until  he  reaches  the  bridge  at  the  cove  the  tourist 
will  be  in  the  town  of  Penobscot.  In  passing  along  the 
road  homeward  he  Avill  be  in  constant  view  of  the  Penob- 
scot river,  and,  in  addition  to  the  numerous  vessels  at 
times  seen  sailing  up  or  down,  he  wall  be  able  to  discern 
in  succession,  upon  the  opposite  shore,  the  tow^is  of  Pros- 
pect, Stockton,  Searsport,  and  Belfast,  the  beautiful  island 
known  as  Brigadier's,  and  the  northern  extremity  of 
Islesboro'  or  Long  Island,  known  as  Turtle  Head. 

For  an  all-day  drive  our  tourist  has  a  choice  of  several 
routes.  One  of  the  most  popular  drives  is  that  to  the  fish 
hatcheries  at  Alamoosook  pond  in  the  town  of  Orland. 
The  first  six  miles  is  over  a  portion  of  road  already  de- 
scribed. The  next  seven  is  along  the  old  stage  road  to 
Orland,  over  what  has  been  called  for  nearly  one  hundred 
years  the  Doshen  shore.  It  follows  the  bank  of  the 
Penobscot  until  it  reaches  Hardscrabble  mountain,  and 
from  there  on  along  the  East  river.  After  reaching 
Orland  village,  the  way  is  still  along  the  (piiet  stream  just 
named,  past  a  deserted  mill  and  time-worn  bridges  to  lake 


94  Modern  Castine. 

Alamoosook,  dotted  with  small  woody  islets,  and  now  and 
then  huge  bowlders  which  look  as  if  hurled  from  the 
rocky  mountain  which  rises  up  steeply  from  the  inviting 
beaches  at  its  base.  Here  the  United  States  Fish  Hatch- 
ery is  located.  It  is  a  wonderful  affair,  and  is  said  to  be 
the  largest  in  the  world.  On  the  grounds  are  several 
buildings,  a  pretty  little  cottage  for  the  superintendent, 
and  a  chemical  laboratory  where  experiments  for  the 
most  healthy  hsh-foods  are  carried  on.  All  parts  of  the 
growth  of  fish  can  be  seen  here  from  the  tiny  eggs  to 
the  full-grown  trout  and  salmon.  The  small  fry  are 
kept  in  wooden  boxes  with  sluices  arranged  for  a  con- 
tinual flow  of  fresh  water.  The  vigorous  two-year  olds 
are  kept  in  cool  little  pools  shaded  with  green  bushes, 
Avhere  they  swim  lazily  around  as  if  for  the  amusement 
of  the  spectator.  The  return  home  can  be  over  the  road 
already  traversed  or  by  way  of  Penobscot  ridge  and 
Northern  bay.  The  latter,  though  several  miles  farther, 
is  much  more  interesting.  The  ride  over  the  ridge  affords 
cue  of  the  most  extensive  views  of  natural  scenery  to  be 
found  in  this  vicinity. 

Another  route  is  afforded  the  excursionist  by  tu ruing 
off  a  mile  beyond  tlie  North  Castine  post-offi.ce  and  going 
to  Winslow's  Cove,  in  Penobscot.  From  there  he  can 
continue  on  to  Bluehill  mountain,  which  is  nine  liundred 
and  fifty  feet  in  height  and  which  has  been  visible  nearly 
all  the  way  from  Castine,  or  he  can  return  through  the 
town  of  P>rooksville  and  across  the  ferry  to  North  Cas- 
tine. The  Bluehill  ride  is  chiefly  remarkable  fur  the 
number  of  steep  hills  to  be  surmounted.  The  climb  up 
the  mountain  is  a  hard,  sharp  pull,  but  the  outlook  is 


IValks  and  Drives.  95 

magnificent,  aiul  a.  most  charming  view  of  the  Mount 
Desert  hills  and  the  bays  and  points  of  that  portion  of 
the  Maine  coast  is  a  sufficient  reward. 

Two  interesting  all-day  trips  can  be  made  to  the  town 
of  Brooksville.  One  can  take  the  ferry-scow  on  Sea 
street,  near  the  steamboat  wharf,  and  be  towed  across  by 
steamer  to  the  landing  near  the  Avharf  at  High  Head,  and 
from  there  can  go  over  a  pleasant  road  through  the  fields, 
past  the  cemetery  on  the  hill,  to  Indian  Bar.  This  has 
a  fine  water  view  on  either  side,  and  is  an  ideal  spot  for 
a  clam-bake.  The  road  to  Goose  Falls  is  over  steep  and 
rocky  hills,  which  might  be  cause  for  alarm  were  it  not 
for  the  proverbial  carefulness  of  Castine  drivers.  An 
old-fashioned  house,  with  its  profusion  of  creeping-jenny, 
hollyhocks,  and  other  garden  flowers,  is  not  to  be  over- 
looked; nor  the  picturesque  falls,  with  a  salt  pond  on 
one  side  and  tide-mill  on  the  other.  A  side  road  just 
beyond  the  bridge  leads  to  an  abandoned  copper-mine 
which  flourished  a  brief  time  during  the  mining  craze 
which  prevailed  in  the  county  a  few  years  ago.  The 
road  from  this  point  for  a  long  distance  keei:)s  the 
bay  in  sight,  and  commands  a  splendid  view  of  both 
water  and  mountain  scenery.  At  Spirit  Cove  a  short 
bit  of  steep  and  tortuous  road  is  experienced,  and 
then  for  a  time  the  bay  disappears  from  view. 
A  side  road  leaving  the  highway  at  the  right  of  a 
small  school-house  leads  to  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
views  of  the  bay  in  the  whole  drive.  The  road  is  in 
places  hardly  more  than  a  field-cart  track.  After  leav- 
ing the  school-house,  the  main  road  descends  to  a  fine 
stretch  of  beach  whicli  it  crosses  just  at  high-water  mark. 


96  Modern  Cashne. 

At  the  end  of  the  beach  is  a  delightful  spot  where  a 
lunch  can  be  taken  and  the  horses  fed.  A  short  distance 
farther  brings  one  to  Blake's  Point,  and  discloses  the  bay, 
studded  with  islands,  Eggemoggin  Reach  stretching  off 
to  the  eastward,  with  Pumpkin  Island  light  at  its  en- 
trance, Little  Deer  Isle  on  the  right,  and  the  high  and 
wooded  coast  of  Brooksville  on  the  left.  At  the  fork  of 
the  roads  the  one  to  the  left  leads  back  to  the  one  already 
traversed.  The  right-hand  road,  passing  near  a  swamp 
of  rushes,  an  oak  grove,  a  view  of  Horse-shoe  Creek, 
glimpses  of  Lawrence  Bay  and  a  vista  of  Castine,  leads 
to  the  Buck's  Harbor  road.  To  the  left,  a  long  up-hill 
climb  brings  one  to  the  West  Brooksville  ridge,  where  a 
splendid  view  is  obtained  of  Lawrence  Bay,  Castine  Har- 
bor, the  Penobscot  Bay  and  its  western  shore.  From 
here  the  return  home  is  to  be  made  by  way  of  the  village 
and  across  the  ferry  to  North  Castine.  The  passage 
across  this  ferry  is  rather  slower  than  the  one  tirst  taken, 
as  tlie  motive  power  is  a  man  sculling,  assisted,  when  the 
wind  permits,  by  a  sail  attached  to  the  side  of  the  boat. 

Another  Brooksville  drive  is  by  way  of  the  ferry  just 
described,  down  over  the  ridge  to  where  the  road  turns 
to  go  to  Cape  Rosier.  At  this  point  the  road  to  the  left 
is  taken  to  Orcutt's  Harbor,  and  a  little  farther  on  is 
Buck's  Harbor,  where  a  little  lone  island  is  to  be  seen 
which  was  formerly  supposed  to  belong  to  the  town  of 
Castine,  and  is  so  represented  on  several  maps,  but  which 
until  quite  recently  was  the  property  of  the  State.  I^ext 
comes  Kench's  mountain,  a  steep,  rocky  hill,  bald  for  the 
most  part,  with  perpendicular  cliffs.  Here  is  an  inter- 
esting and  important  granite  quarry.     Beyond  is  Walk- 


NORTH     CASTINE     AND     BROOKSVILLE     FERRY. 


Yachting,  Fishing,  and  Canoeing.  97 

er's  Pond  with  its  smooth  beaches  and  qniet  waters. 
From  here  the  return  shouhl  be  made  up  the  road  which 
skirts  the  Bagaduce  as  far  as  the  bridge,  and  from  there 
to  the  North  Castine  ferry. 

The  time  occupied  in  taking  any  one  of  the  drives 
mentioned  will  not  be  misspent,  and  the  reader  is  assured 
that  any  one  of  these  trips  will  almost  certainly  lead  to 
others. 

YACHTING,    FISHING,   AND    CANOEING. 

To  those  fond  of  yachting  and  rowing,  the  river  and 
harbor  have  the  merit  of  being  exceptionally  safe,  at 
proper  times,  for  boats  of  all  descriptions.  Sudden 
squalls,  sucli  as  are  often  fatally  experienced  near  high 
mountains,  are  extremely  rare  here,  and  when  they  do 
occur,  can  always  be  discovered  by  a  careful  boatman 
before  they  have  time  to  reach  him.  Good  boats,  safe 
to  go  in  to  Isle-au-Haut  or  Bar  Harbor,  and  with  a 
trusty  sailing-master,  can  readily  be  obtained.  Sonre  of 
them  are  of  superior  speed.  The  Castine  Yacht  Club 
offers  prizes  annually  for  the  best  sailing-boats,  and  this 
excites  the  yachtsmen  to  a  keen  competition.  This  har- 
bor is  a  frequent  port  of  entry,  during  the  summer,  for 
yachts  of  all  descriptions  cruising  along  the  Maine  coast. 
No  less  than  one  hundred  and  ten  different  yachts  visited 
the  place  the  last  year.  A  club-house  for  the  reception 
of  visitors,  as  well  as  for  the  meetings  of  its  niembers, 
is  soon  to  be  established  here. 

Row-boats  of  good  construction  and  perfectly  safe  are 
abundant,  and  can  be  obtained  for  a  reasonable  price. 
One  Avishing  to  fish  for  cunners,  tomcod,  or  mackerel 
can  obtain  a  boat  fitted  for  the  purpose  with  lines  and 


98  Modern  Castine. 

Lait,  and  with  or  without  an  assistant,  as  preferred. 
Those  desirous  of  deep-sea  fishing  will  have  to  make  ar- 
rangements for  a  more  protracted  cruise. 

This  locality  offers  line  opportunities  for  the  expe- 
rienced canoeist.  Besides  short  excursions  about  the 
numerous  coves  of  the  Bagaduce,  several  long  trips  can 
be  taken.  Canoes  have  gone  up  the  Penobscot  and  East 
rivers,  and  with  only  two  "  carries  "  have  entered  Ala- 
moosook  Pond.  It  is  believed  to  be  entirely  feasible, 
though  the  trips  have  never  been  taken,  to  go  to  Brewer 
from  Orland,  Avithout  entering  the  Penobscot  river,  or  to 
go  to  Bluehill,  and  possibly  to  Ellsworth,  by  crossing  from 
pond  to  pond. 

The  most  delightful  trip  of  all,  however,  and  one  which 
is  annually  taken,  is  to  follow  up  the  Bagaduce  river 
through  the  lower  narrows,  cross  Southern  bay,  and  pass 
up  through  Johnson's  narrows  to  the  dam.  Here  a  short 
''  carry  "  must  be  made,  unless  one  is  reckless  enough 
to  shoot  through  the  sluice.  After  getting  above  the 
dam  the  course  is  still  up  the  river  until  its  source  is 
reached  in  a  brook  coming  from  Walker's  Pond.  This 
brook  meanders  through  a  meadow,  and  for  most  of  its 
length  is  lined  with  rushes  which  at  times  approach  so 
closely  that  the  passage  has  to  be  effected  by  force.  On 
arriving  at  the  jnill  a  second  "  carry  "  must  be  made  for 
about  one-fourth  of  a  mile.  Then  follows  a  two-mile 
paddle  across  the  pond  to  a  beach  of  tine  white  sand. 
Then  another  "  carry  "  of  about  half  a  mile,  when  the 
canoe  is  again  floated,  but  this  time  in  the  waters  of 
Eggemoggin  Eeach.  If  the  day  is  calm,  the  paddle  for 
four    miles    past    Buck's    and    Onnitt's    harbors,  to  the 


Yachting,  Fishing,  and  Canoeing.  99 

mouth  of  Horse-slioe  Creek,  is  easily  and  safely  made. 
The  trip  up  this  creek  is  inexpressibly  fine.  Any 
ordinary  description  would  be  tame  in  comparison  with 
the  reality.  The  drive  along  the  shore,  though  consid- 
ered the  most  picturesque  of  any  in  this  vicinity,  is  not 
to  be  compared  to  it.  On  reaching  the  upper  end  of 
the  creek  the  fourth  and  last  "  carry ''  occurs.  The 
canoe  has  to  be  taken  across  the  field  to  the  highway,  car- 
ried anotlier  half-mile  or  more,  and  again  placed  in  the 
water  at  Polly  Coots'  Cove,  an  inlet  of  Lawrence  Bay. 
Three  miles  moi'e  of  paddling  brings  the  canoeist  home. 
This  trip  should  only  be  undertaken  by  an  experienced 
person,  and  even  tlien  the  time  of  starting  shovild  be  duly 
considered  Avith  reference  to  the  tides,  and  should  only 
be  taken  when  tlie  breezes  are  light.  The  passage  across 
Eggemoggin  Eeach  would  be  a  dangerous  one  if  made 
when  the  sea  is  not  calm. 

At  times  unsuitable  for  walks  or  drives,  for  boating  or 
other  forms  of  out-door  amusement,  a  good  bowling-alley 
and  a  public  billiard  and  pool  room  will  offer  attractions 
to  many.  The  former  is  located  on  one  of  the  wharves, 
and  the  other  is  at  tlie  foot  of  Main  street. 


CHAPTER   III. 

HOTELS,    STEAMBOAT  ROUTES,    AND    CONNECTIONS 
WITH   THE  RAILROADS. 

/^ASTINE  in  the  olden  time  was  noted  for  its  good 
^-^  taverns.  It  has  far  better  ones  to-day  under  the 
more  dignified  name  bf  hotels.  Two  of  these  are  kept 
open  throughout  the  year.  The  other  is  open  only  in 
the  summer.  The  latter,  the  Acadian,  is  on  the  slope 
of  the  hill  directly  back  from  Steamboat  Wharf.  Its 
rooms  are  of  good  size  and  well  furnished,  and  nearly  all 
of  them  have  a  fine  outlook.  This  liotel  accommodates 
about  one  hundred  guests,  and  furnishes  table  board  for 
many  more. 

The  Pentagciet,  on  the  corner  of  Main  and  Perkins 
streets,  is  a  new  hotel,  having  been  occupied  a  little  over 
a  year.  Its  situation  is  central,  the  rooms  are  of  good 
size,  and  those  looking  down  the  street,  especially  those 
in  the  tower,  afford  delightful  views  of  the  water  and 
distant  landscape. 

The  Castine  House,  on  Main  street,  nearly  opposite  the 
Pentagoet,  has  some  twenty  rooms.  It  is  jDrobably  the 
oldest  building  in  town.  It  is  not  quite  so  stylish  as  its 
rivals,  and  is  more  like  an  old-time  inn.  It.  has  a  cosey, 
home-like  appearance,  and  is  popular  with  commercial 
travellers. 

There  are  many  good  private  boarding-houses  in  toAvn, 


Hotels,  Steamboat  Routes,  Etc.  101 

though  none  of  them  advertise  as  such.  In  fact,  Castine 
is  peculiar  in  that  respect.  Nearly  all  of  its  best  citizens 
now  take,  or  have  at  some  time  received,  boarders  into 
their  families,  and  do  not  consider  tlieir  dignity  at  all 
lessened  thereby.  They  do  it  nearly  as  much  for  the 
sake  of  the  general  good  to  the  town  as  for  private  gain. 
A  few  individuals  treat  their  boarders  as  would  be  done 
in  our  cities,  but  the  majority  receive  them  into  their 
families,  and  expect  a  greater  or  less  compliance  with 
their  own  regular  habits  and  customs. 

Telegraph  and  telephone  offices  permit  of  instant  com- 
munication with  the  outside  world,  and  the  mail  goes 
and  comes  daily.  It  still  goes  by  stage,  the  nearest  rail- 
road connection,  by  land,  being  some  eighteen  miles  dis- 
tant ;  but  the  trip,  in  summer,  is  made  in  fair  time,  and 
though  the  line  is  a  discredit  to  the  government,  yet  the 
mail  is  no  longer  carried  as  it  was  in  the  last  century,  in 
a  yellow  handkerchief  or  in  a  cart  drawn  by  a  horse  and 
a  heifer  yoked  together.  In  the  summer  there  is  an  addi- 
tional daily  mail  carried  by  steamer.  The  post-office  is 
an  international  money-order  office. 

There  is  daily  communication  by  steamer  with  Belfast 
all  the  year,  and  in  summer  the  trips  are  made  twice  a 
day.  The  "Frank  Jones,"  tire  "Catherine,"  and  the 
"  Juliette  "  permit,  during  the  summer,  of  daily  com- 
munication with  Eockland.  The  former  connects  with 
the  Maine  Central  Railroad,  and  the  other  two  with  the 
Boston  and  Bangor  steamers.  They  also  run  to  Bluehill 
and  Ellsworth.  There  is  also  a  daily  line  each  way 
between  Castine,  Bangor,  and  Bar  Harbor.  In  addition, 
a  small    steamer  makes  daily  trips    to  Penobscot,    and 


102  Modem  Castine. 

carries  excursions  about  the  harbor,  and  another  similar 
one  runs  between  Bucksport  and  Castine.  During  the 
height  of  the  summer  travel  no  less  than  seven  steamers, 
besides  those  carrying  special  excursions,  touch  daily  at 
the  wharf.  This  number  is  hardly  exceeded  by  any  place 
on  the  Maine  coast,  so  that  during  the  months  of  greatest 
travel  the  inconvenience  of  having  no  railroad  facilities 
is  scarcely  felt. 

The  traveller  from  Boston  or  beyond  has  the  choice  of 
several  routes.  He  can  take  the  cars  to  Rockland  and 
come  up  on  the  "Frank  Jones"  to  Belfast,  and  by 
steamer  the  short  trip  of  only  twelve  miles  across  the 
bay ;  to  Bangor  and  down  the  river  on  the  "  Cimbria  "  or 
the  "  Sedgwick ;  "  or  to  Bucksport,  and  thence  by  private 
conveyance  to  Castine,  giving  an  eighteen-mile  drive.  If 
he  prefers  to  come  all  the  way  by  water,  he  can  take  the 
Boston  and  Bangor  line  of  steamers  to  either  Rockland  or 
Belfast,  as  he  may  prefer,  and  thence  by  connecting  steam- 
boats to  this  place.  Whichever  route  is  taken,  by  rail, 
the  inexperienced  traveller  Avill  do  well  to  ascertain  the 
exact  time  at  which  connection  is  made  for  this  town,  as  a 
mistake  in  regard  to  his  train  would  cause  inconvenience, 
and  perhaps  compel  him  to  stop  overnight  at  some  other 
point.  Railroad  time-tables  change  so  much  from  year 
to  year,  that  no  fuller  or  more  permanent  directions  can 
be  tjiven. 


GENERAL    INDEX. 


A. 
Acadia,  ceded  to  the  French,  1). 

Rival  claims  for.  <!.  7. 

The  governor  of,  6. 

Anselm  Castin  sent  to  gov- 
ernor of.  16. 

Baron  Castin's  relations  with 
the  governor  of,  14. 
'■  Active,"  The  vessel,  36. 
Agoncy,  The  river,  3. 
Agoncy  cottage,  12,  72,  84,  85. 
Alamoosook  pond.  98. 

Fish  hatcheries  at,  94. 
"Albany,"  The  sloop.  30. 
Americans,    Attack    on    English 
by,  28.  31-36. 

Fleet  of  the.  28,  31.  36. 

Landing  of  the,  31-34. 

Loss  in  battle  bj'  the,  33. 

Preparations  for   attack   by 
the,  28. 

Ketreat  of  the,  36. 

Settlement  by  the,  25,  26. 
American  soldiers  in  Penobscot 

expedition.  28,  29. 
Ames  farm.  The,  87. 
Amusements  in  olden  times,  62. 

at  the  present  time,  99. 
Aroostook  war,    Castine  men  in 

the,  57. 
Associations  : 

Christian  Endeavor,  88. 

Epworth  League,  88. 

Village  Improvement,  89. 

Woman's  Alliance.  88. 

Yacht  Club,  97. 


Attack  on  D'Aulney's  mill,  7. 
farm-house,  7. 
Fort  Pentagoet,  12,  20,  21. 
the  trading-house,  5,  6. 
Baron  Castin,  21. 
English  by  Americans, 
28,  31-34. 
Avery  inn,  The,  79. 

B. 

Bagaduce,  The  place,  ?>. 

"  The  river,  3,  4,  56,  69,  70, 
91. 
Banks's  island,  30. 
Batteries  : 

East  Point,  37,  75. 

Furieuse,  37,  46,  75. 

Gosselin.  75. 

Griffith.  76. 

Half-moon,  34,  37,  47,  75. 

North  Point,  74. 

on  Nautilus  island,  77. 

Penobscot,  37,  75. 

Seamen's,  75. 

Sherbrooke,  77. 

Wescott's,  34,  37,  75. 

West  Point,  76. 
Blake's  Point,  96. 
Block-house,  The,  32,  50,  76. 

Point,  32. 
Bluehill  mountain,  94,  95. 
Boarding-houses,    Private,    100, 

101. 
Board   of  War,  Instructions   to 

the,  28. 
Bounties  paid  to  soldiers,  57. 


104 


General  Index. 


Brick- jards,  58. 
Brigadier's  island,  (13. 
British  batteries,  34,  37. 

Encampment  of  the,  27. 

Expedition  of,  1815,  48,  49. 

fleet,  27,  35,  48,  4!t,  50. 

Landing  of  the,  27. 

Occupation    by   the,    37-39, 
49,  .50-55. 
Brooksville  incorporated.  5G. 

Trips  to,  05-97. 
Buck's  harbor,  9G. 
Buildings,  Old,  77-79. 

C. 
Canal  constructed,  51. 
Cannon,  Old,  82. 
Canoeing,  98,  99. 
"  Canova,"  The  ship,  82. 
Cape  Rosier,  2. 

Drives  around,  95-96. 
Capture  of  Anselm  Castin,  16. 
a  British  brig,'  39. 
Joseph   Dabidis  Castin.    18- 

20. 
Nautilus  island,  31. 
Pentagoet,  9. 
Capuchin  Mission  chapel,  12. 
Carignan  Salieres,  Regiment  of, 

13. 
Castin,    Attempt   to   abduct   the 
Baron,  22. 
Capture  of  Anselm,  10. 
Children  of  Anselm,  17. 
•    Departure  of  Anselm,  17. 
the  Baron,  22. 
Dwelling  of  the  Baron,  21. 
family.  The,  13-23. 
Fort  of,  20,  21. 
Letter  of  the  Baron,  15. 

Joseph  Dabidis,  18-20. 
Orchard  of,  21. 
Property  of  the  Baron,   15, 
17. 
Castine,  Attractions  of,  69-82. 


Castine,  British   occupation    of, 
36. 

coins,  80,  81. 

Drainage  of,  69. 

Drives  about,  91-93. 

Evacuation  of,  36,  'y')^  64. 

"Gazette,"  61. 

harbor,  70,  71,  96. 

Headquarters  of  British  in, 
1815,  55. 

house,  77. 

Incorporation  of,  46. 

"Journal   and    Advertiser," 
61. 

Light  Infantry,  57. 

Natural  scenery  of,  70. 

North,  Cottages  in,  87. 
Grange,  89. 
Portion  added  to.  56. 
Soldiers  at,  50. 

Quota  of,  in  War  of  Rebel- 
lion, 57. 

Situation  of.  69. 

Town  of,  named,  1. 

U.S.  cruiser,  65. 

village  of,  Changes  in,  47. 
Catholic  missionaries,  81. 
Cemetery,  Epitaphs  in,  91. 

First  occupant  of  the,  90. 
Chapel,  Catholic,  81. 

Methodist,  88. 

of  Our  Ladv  of   Holy  Hope, 
12,  81. 
Charts  of  coast.  Early.  3. 
Church,  Episcopal,  79. 

First  Parish,  79. 

Methodist,  88. 

Trinitarian,  88. 

Unitarian,  79,  88. 
Coins,  The  Castine,  80,  81. 
College  graduates,  59. 

lot,  46. 
Company  flag.  First,  to  leave  the 

State.  57. 
Copi)er  mine.  Abandoned.  95. 


CLIFF     AT     DYCE'S     HEAD. 


General  Index. 


105 


Copper  plate.  Inscription  on  the. 

81. 
Cornwallis,    News   of    .surrender 

of,  37. 
Cottages  : 

Agoncy.  12.  72.  84.  85. 

Ames.  87. 

Bates.  85. 

Belmont,  84. 

Bowlder,  85. 

Brastow,  85. 

Brooks.  85. 

Burr,  80. 

Carofan.  84. 

Cliff.  84. 

Fuller,  80. 

(irindle,  80. 

Harris,  87. 

Hill  Crest,  87. 

Hutcliins,  88. 

Log  Cabin,  84. 

Little.  86. 

]\Iorey,  84. 

Moss  Acre,  87. 

Ober.  85. 

Otter  Rock,  8:3.  S4. 

Rockwood.  84. 

Stone.  8o. 

AValdmar.  80. 

Williams,  87. 

Wilson,  21,  83. 

Winonah,  83. 
Council  of  war,  American.  34. 
County  town,  Castine  a.  47,  50. 
Courts  held  in  Castine,  58. 

Removal  of,  50. 
Court  house,  50,  7*J. 

of  Inquiry,  53. 
Crescent.  The,  01. 
Cross  island,  30. 
Custom  house,  50.  50. 

T). 
Dalhousie    college,    Endowment 
of.  53. 


D'Aulnev.  Attack  on.  at  mill,   7. 
D'Aulney.  Death  of.  8. 

Farm-house  of,  7. 

Fort  of.  5.  7. 
"  Defiance,"  The  ship,  30. 
Deserters.  22.  51,  52. 

shot,  51. 
Diseases,  Infrequencv  of  acute, 

70. 
Donations  to  the  army.  57. 
Doshen  shore,  03. 
"Dragon,"  The  ship.  54. 
Drives  about  Castine  and  vicin- 
ity. 92-07. 
Dutch.  Capture  of  fort  bv.  47. 
Dyce's  Head,  30,  31,  38,  83,  90. 

E. 

Eagle,  The,  01. 

Early  explorers.  2. 

Eastern  American.  The,  01. 

East  river.  Canoeing  on.  98. 

Eggemoggin  Reach.  9<5. 

English  families,  25.  2t!. 

Occupation  of  the  town  bv, 
.     50. 

Epilogue  to  Comedy,  03. 

Escape  of   Wadsworth  and  Bur- 
ton. 41-45. 

Etchemins.  The.  1. 

Execution    of   Ball  and    Elliott. 
58,  59. 


Fales.  Atwood,  fired  upon,  40. 
Ferry,       North      Castine       and 

Brooksville.  92,  94.  90. 
Sea  street,  95. 
Fire-engine,  An  old,  80. 
Fish  hatcheries.  94. 
Fisher,    Ballad   of    Parson,    58, 

59. 
Fishermen.  59. 
Fishing  trips,  97,  98. 


106 


General  Index. 


Flemish  corsair.  Attack  by,    12, 

47. 
Fly-boat,  Capture  of  Castin's,  22. 
"  Flying  Horse."  The  vessel,  12. 
Foraging  parties,  British,  50. 
Forts  : 

Baron  Castin's,  12,  20,  21. 

Castine,  U-ll,  52,  70. 

D'Aulney's,  5,  7.  71. 

French,   3,  7,  it-11,   12.  20, 

21,  71. 

George,  30,  31,  34,  35,  37, 
.38,  41,  50,  62,  55,  58,  72, 
73.  74,  80,  82. 

Madison,  52,  55,  75,  7G,  81, 
90. 

Pentagoet,  8.  'J-11,   12,   20, 

22,  71,  72,  81,  02. 
Point,  24,  36,  93. 
Porter,  49,  7(3. 
Pownal,  26. 
United  States,  76. 

French  chapel,  10,  12. 
colony,  3. 
fishing  and  trading  station, 

2. 
fort,  3,  7,  9-11,    12,  20,  21, 

71. 
settlement,  5,  60. 
settlers,  8. 
Fruit-dish   presented   to  U.S.S. 

"  Castine,"  65. 


G. 


Garden,  Castin's,  21. 
Gibbet,  The,  58,  59,  84. 
Goose  falls,  95. 

Governor    of     Acadia,    Castin's 
relation  with,  14. 
Anselm  Castin  sent  to  the, 

16. 
New  England,  Visit  of  the. 
24. 
Governor's  address.  25. 


Guard-boat,  The,  52. 

Guards,  Stations  of,  in  1815,  52. 

H. 

Hainey's  plantation,  34. 
"Hampden,"  The  vessel,  36. 
Hardscrabble  mountain,  93. 
Hatch's  point,  34,  75. 

woods.  87. 
Healthfulness  of  the    town,    69, 

70. 
Henry's  point,  34,  72. 
High  head,  95. 
High  school,  The,  60; 
Hinkley's  rock,  32. 
Holbrook  island,  71,  87. 
"  Hope,"  The  vessel,  6. 
Horse-shoe  creek.  96,  99. 
Hospital  island,  71. 
Hotels  : 

Acadian,  77,  100. 

Castine,  77,  100. 

Pentagoet,  77,  100. 
House  warmings,  64. 
Hoiises  : 

The  author's,  78. 

Avery,  78,  79. 

Baron  Castin's,  20. 

Castine,  77. 

Cobb,  77. 

Dyer,  77. 

Gay,  77. 

Hooke,  77. 

.Tohnston,  78. 

N.  P.  Noyes','  78. 

Perkins',  78. 

Stover  Hatch,  86. 

Tilden,  78. 

Whiting,  78. 
Houses,  Old,  77-79. 


I. 

Incorporation  of  Brooksville,  56. 
Castine,  46. 


THE     DYCE'S      HEAD      LIGHTHOUSE. 


General  Index. 


107 


Incorporation  of  Penobscot,  4(). 
Independence   day   celebrations, 

64r,    6"). 

Indian  bar,  95. 

Indians.  Account  of  tlie,  1.  2,  17. 

Tradition  amona^  tlie,  .">. 
Intemperance    among    tlie     sol- 
diers, 52,  '}o. 
Intrenchments,    The    American, 

34,  77. 
Isle  au  Haut,  Excursions  to,  97. 
News  received  from.  ?>~ . 


"Massachusetts,"  Sloop,  24. 
Meeting-house,  The  old,  79. 
Memorial  statue.  The,  91. 
Men-of-war,  The  British,  .•{(),  83, 

35. 
Merchants  of  Castine,  60. 
Militia,  The,  28,  29,  33,  57. 
Mill  constructed  by  Castin,  20. 

D'Aulney's,  7. 
Mills,  Saw  and  grist,  58. 
Minister's  lot.  The,  46. 
Molue,   Intended  settlement    at. 


J. 

Jail,  The,  79. 

Jesuits,  The,  81, 

Jones's  Rangers,  The,  40. 

K. 

Kearney,  Assault  upon  Lieuten- 
ant, 53. 
Keener  farm,  The,  87. 
Kench's  hill,  96. 
Koptography,  Specimens  of,  5(i. 

L. 

La  Tour,  Marriage  of,  8. 
Lawrence  bay,  96. 
Lett,  Island  of,  16. 
Library,  The  town,  89,  90. 
Light-house,  The   Dvce's   Head, 
84,  90. 

Fort  Point,  93. 

Pumpkin  island,  96. 
Long  island,  24,  36,  'it''. 

M. 
Madison  park,  84,  90. 
Mails,  The,  52,  101. 
Manufactory,  Chair,  58. 

Hat,  57. 
Marines,  The.  31,  33,  34. 
Massachusetts,  The  government 
of,  7,  28.  46. 


Morse's  cove,  93. 
Murder,  Trials  for,  58. 
Executions  for,  58. 
Muster-ground,  The  old,  79. 

N. 

Narrows,  Johnson's,  98. 

The  lower,  92. 
Nautilus,  The  island,  31,  33.  34, 

35,  87. 
The  sloop,  30,  34. 
Negro  islands,  71. 
Newspapers  published  in  Castine, 

61. 
Noddle  island,  71. 
Normal  school.  The,  60.  61. 
North  point,  52. 
"  North,"  The  sloop,  30. 
Northern  bay,  24,  56,  94. 
Norumbegue,  The  river,  3. 
Nova  Scotia  surrendered  to  the 

French,  9. 

O. 

Oath  of  allegiance   required,   9, 

30. 
Observatory,  The,  92. 
Old  houses^  77-79. 
Oleron.  France.  13.  17. 
Orcutt's  harbor,  96. 


108 


General  Index. 


Oi'ders  issued  to  inliabitants,  38. 

to  soldiers,  o.s. 
Orono,  The  sachem,  2. 

Tlie  town,  2. 
Orphan's  ishind,  1(>. 


Park,  Madison,  84,  90. 

Witherle,  7G,  86. 
Parsonage  lot,  The,  4(!. 
Pemaquid,  The  Baron  ("astin  at, 

22. 
Penobscot  bav,  2,  3,  26,  (!1»,  70, 
83. 
expedition,  28-36. 
Incorporation  of,  ^>i'>. 
Indians,  1. 

river,  2,  3,  16,  4;"),  50,  70. 
"  Pennsylvania     Journal,"      Ac- 
count of  early  settlement 
in  the,  26. 
Peutagoet,  3,  23. 

house,  77. 
Perkins  farm.  The  Jonathan,  87. 

point,  87. 
Plymouth  colony,  The,  5,  <!,  71. 
Polly  foots'  cove,  99. 
Population  in  1671,  12. 
Port    of    entry,    Castine    a,    ol, 

56. 
Post-offices,  52,  56,  101. 
Pottery,  Indian,  72. 
Pownal's    description   of    Penta- 

goet,  24. 
Presentation     to    U.S.     ("miser 

'  Castine,"  65. 
Privateers,  American,  54. 
Proclamations,  51. 
Professional  men  in  Castine,  59. 
Provincial  (leneral   Court,   The, 

46. 
Provisions,  A  scarcity  of,  38. 
Pump  and    block    manufactory, 
58. 


Quarries,  Tlie  granite.  96. 

K. 

Railroad  connections,  101,  102. 
Ram  island,  88. 
Regiment,  The  Boston,  49. 
Regiments,  The  British,  27. 
Relics  preserved  in  town,  80-82. 
Residents  of  Castine,  69. 

Summer,  70. 
Revolution,  The  War  of  the,  27- 

45. 
Ridge,  The,  94. 
Rifle-pits,  The  American,  77. 
Right  of  search,  The,  48. 
Rivers : 

Agoncv,  Bagaduce,   Beauti- 
'ful,3. 

I)e  la  Pointe  an  Hestre,   22 

Hermoso,  Norumbegue.  3. 

Penobscot,  2,  3. 

Rio  Grande,  3. 
Rope-walk,  The,  57. 
"  Rose,"  The  frigate,  20. 
Routes,  Steamboat,  101,  102. 
Row-boats,  97,  98. 

S. 
Sail-maker's  lofts,  57. 
Saint  Famille,  Parish  of,  16. 
Saint  Sauveur,  Settlement  of.  3. 
Scotch  families,  26. 
School  lot.  The,  46. 
Schools,  60. 

Sea-captains  of  Castine,  60. 
Secret  societies  : 

Castine  Grange.  88. 

Grand  Army,  89. 

Masons,  88,"  89. 

Odd  Fellows,  89. 
Settlement,    The  American.    24. 
25. 

Ensjlish.  5. 


General  Index. 


100 


Settlement,  The  French,  "i. 
Settlers.    Character    of   the,  2.'>, 
61,  62. 

First  permanent,  24,  25. 

French,  8,  24. 
Sewers,  Public,  fii). 
Shell  deposits,  72. 
Ship-buildino;  in  Castine,  .">". 
Ship-yard,  The  Noyes,  8(i. 
Shire  to\vi,  Castine  a,  47,  iifi. 
"  Sky  Kocket,"  The  vessel,  8(i. 
Societies  in  Castine,  88-90. 
Soldiers.  Conduct  of  British,  .)2, 
.5:3. 

Monument,  id. 
Southern  bay,  08. 
Spirit  cove,  !:)."j. 
Stannus,  Assault  upon   Captain, 

Steamboats  touching  at  Castine, 

101,  102. 
Stocks,  The,  7'.!. 
Strong,    A  sword  for  Governor. 

:a. 

Summer  cottages,  57,  S3. 
resort.  HO. 


Tannery,  Tlie.  57. 
Tarratiiies,  Tlie,  1,  2,  IC. 
Telegraph  and  telephone  offices, 

101. 
Ten-mile  drive.  The,  02. 
Theatre  Royal,  The,  «2. 
Thomaston,  Britisli  attack  on,  48. 
Tories,  26,  37,  40. 


Town  hall.  The,  70. 
Township  No.  3,  46. 
Trading-house,  Attack  on,  by  the 
Frencli,  5.  6. 
Situation  of,  5,  7) . 
Traditions,  3,  4. 
Trask's  rock,  32,  02. 
Treaty  of  Breda,  The,  8. 
Turtle  Head,  03. 

\\. 

\A''adsworth  cove,  40,  76. 
Walker's  pond.  08. 
Walks  about  Castine,  00-02. 
War    of    the    Revolution,    Tlie. 
27-45. 

1812-15,  48-55. 

the  Rebellion,  57. 
Watering-place,   Advantages    of 

Castine  as  a,  60. 
Wells  in  Castine,  The,  01. 
Whaleboats  sent  to  Boston,  34. 
Windmill,  The,  01. 
Winslow's  cove,  7,  04. 
Witherle  park,  01,  02. 

X. 

Ximenes,  Advertisenient  of  Col- 
onel, 53. 

Y. 

Yacht  club,  07. 

Yacht  club-honsf,  '.'7. 

Yachting,  07. 

"Yankee  Doodle  ui)si't,""  78, 


NDEX    OF    NAMES. 


A. 

Adams,  Alfred  F.,  65. 
Allerton,  Isaac,  5,  6. 
Ames,  James  B.,  97. 
Andros,  Edmond,  20,  21. 
Aubin,  Saint,  22. 
AA-ery,  Solomon,  2.t. 

B. 

Ball,  Ebenezer,  .58,  .59,  74. 
Barrie,  Captain,  54. 
Bates,  Charles  T.,  85. 
Belleisle,  Alexander   le    Borgne 

de,  20. 
Biard,  Father,  1. 
Blake,  General,  48. 

Thomas  I).,  84. 
Bodwell,  Mr.,  83. 
Bolan,  A.  K.,  84,  85,  89. 
Bond,  Benjamin  F.,  (U. 
Bonnycastle,  Captain,  (U. 
Bowden,  Caleb,  25. 

Paul,  25. 
Brastow,  Lewis  O.,  S5. 
Brewer,  Colonel,  29. 
Broodrick,  .T.,  64. 
Brooks,  Noah,  85. 
Bronville,  Mr.,  35. 
Brown,  Mr.,  35. 
Burr,  H.  M.,  86. 
Burton,  Benjamin,  41.  74. 

C. 
Calef,  John,  38. 
Campbell,  General,  41,  42. 


Cargill,  Captain,  24.     • 
Carson,  Nathaniel,  38. 
Castin,  Anastasie,  14,  20. 

Anselm,  14,  16,  17. 

Baron  JeanVincentde  Saint, 
1,  2,  13,  20-23. 

Joseph  Dabidis,  14,  17-20. 

Mathilde,  14.  15,  16. 

Therese,  14. 
Castine,  J.  W.,  23. 
Chambly,  Monsieur  de,  12. 
Champlain,  2. 
Clark,  James,  25. 
Colby,  Mrs.  Joseph,  37. 
Collier,  George,  3(i. 
Coker,  Captain,  50. 
Connor,  John,  25. 
Cox,  Captain,  24. 
Craig,  James  Henry,  33. 
Cunningham,  Barnabas,  38. 
Gushing,  General,  28,  40. 


D. 

D'Aniligny,  Hubert,  Chevalier 
de  Grandfontaine,  8. 

D'Aiilney  de  Charnissy,  Charles 
de  Menou,  6,  7,  8. 

Dennis,  Lieutenant,  64. 

De  Peyster,  General,  47. 

Dic-ke,  Waldo,  40. 

Douglass,  John,  25. 

Downes,  John  Tile.ston,  58. 

Dresser,  John  AV.,  65. 

Dyce,  Mr.,  38. 


Index  of  Names. 


Ill 


E. 
Elliott,  Lieutenant,  78. 

Seth,  59,  7-t. 
Evan8,  Lieutenant,  50. 

F. 

Fales,  Atwood,  40. 
Fillebrown,  Captain,  4S. 
Fisher,  Parson,  58. 
Fletcher,  Granville  T.,  (lO. 
Frost,  General,  28. 
Fuller,  Arthur,  8(5. 

G. 
Gage,  General.  2H. 
Gaulin,  a  missionary  priest,  20. 
Gell,  Captain,  50. 
George,  Captain,  20,21. 
Girling,  Captain,  6. 
Goodenow,  Henry  C.,  8o. 
Gosselin,  Gerard,  49,  52. 
Gott,  Charles,  90. 
Grandfontaine,  Chevalier  de,  8, 

12. 
Gray,  Reuben,  2(5. 
Griffith,  Edward,  (i2,   (J4,  (i5,  7(J. 
Grindle,  Daniel,  25. 

J.  W.,  8(5. 

Reuben,  25. 

H. 

Hall,  Samuel,  (il. 
Harris,  E.  K.,  88. 
Harrowb)',  Lieutenant,  (i4. 
Hatch,  Frederick,  25. 
Hinckley,  Captain,  32. 
Hooke,  Frederic,  50,  51. 

Miss  Jeanette,  (51. 
Hooper,  Charles  H.,  89. 
Hutchins,  E.  H.,  88. 

I. 
Irvins,  Major,  04. 


J. 
Jones,  John,  40. 

K. 
Kearney,  Lieutenant,  53. 
Keener.  W.  A.,  8". 
Kidd,  Captain  20. 
Kostaign,  Miss,  23. 

L. 

Lang,  Mr.,  53. 

La  Tour,  Charles   St.   p:stienne, 

(5,  7,  8. 
LWuvergat,  Father,  17. 
Levingstone,  Mr.,  16. 
Lewis,  Andrew,  48. 
Little,  Arthur,  8(5. 

Captain,  39. 

Moses,  28. 

Otis,  50. 
Lovell,  General,  35,  37,  40. 

M. 

Madockawando,  2,  14. 
McCullum,  Finley,  38. 
Mackesy,  J.,  64,  65. 
McLaughlin,  Henry,  83. 
McLean,  Francis,  27,  28,  35,  40. 
Marson,  Monsieur,  12. 
Mason,  William,  78. 
Milnes,  Admiral,  52. 
Moore,  Sir  John,  33. 
Morey,  Edwin,  84. 
Mowatt,  Captain,  3(l,  31,  33. 


N. 

Newton,  William,  51. 
Noyes,  Nelson  P.,  78. 

(). 
Orono,  The  sachem,  2. 


112 


Index  of  Names. 


Palmer.  Judge,  15. 

and    West,    Commissioners, 
20. 
Pan,  James  Peter,  22. 
Perkins,  Abraham,  2.^. 

James,  53. 

John,  25,  30. 

Jonathan,  87. 

Joseph,  25,  27. 
Perrot.  Monsieur,  14. 
Perry,  Thomas,  65. 
Philbrook,  P^dward  E.,  85. 
Phillips,  Nathan.  38. 
Preble,  Edward,  30. 
Pol.  Bernhard,  83. 
Porter,  W.  I).,  S7. 

R. 

Razillai,  General,  (i. 

Revere,  Paul,  29. 

Rhoades,  John,  12. 

Rhode,  Mr.,  53. 

Richardson.  Albert  F.,  (il,  8',l. 

Rogers.  Colonel,  40. 

Rosier,  James,  2. 

S. 
Saint  Aubin,  Monsieur,  22. 
Saltonstall,   Dudley,   28,  34,  35, 

3(5. 
Sands,  Lieutenant,  50. 
Sc'henck,  Miss  Caroline,  84. 
Sherbrooke,  Sir  John  C,  41),  51, 

.52. 
Smith,  Captain,  2t). 
Standish,  Miles,  0. 
Stannus,  Captain,  53. 
Stofkton,  Lieutenant,  41. 
Strong,  Governor,  54. 

'\\ 

Thompson,  (Jeneral,  28. 
Trask,  Samuel,  20. 


Trask,  The  fifer.  32. 
Tummers,  Ensign  J.,  64. 

V. 

Vaudreuil,  Governor,  Ifi. 
Veazie,  Adjutant  J.,  64. 

Andrew,  25. 

Charles,  62. 

John,  25. 

Joshua,  25. 

Reuben,  25. 

Samuel,  25. 
Vignaud,  Henry,  11. 

W. 

Wadsworth.  Peleg,  29,  34. 
Walker,  Richard,  8. 
Wannerton,  Mr.,  7. 
Waters,  Daniel  S.,  61. 
Way,  Miss  Frances,  84. 
Webber,  Andrew,  25. 

Joseph,  25. 
Webster,  Andrew,  25. 
Wenamouet,  The  sachem.  2. 
Wescott,  George,  34. 

Thomas,  25. 
Weymouth,  George,  2. 
Wheeler,  George  .\.,  65. 

Louise,  61. 
Whiting,  Mrs.  Samuel  K.,  78. 
Wild.  Lieutenant,  64. 
Williams,  Henry  C,  77,  S7. 

Mr.,  38. 
Wing,  W.  H.,  S6. 
Witham,  Jeremiah,  25. 
Witherle.  George  H.,  74,  82. 

William  II.,  65,  7.S. 
Wood,  Frank  P.,  83,  s."),  ,S9. 
Woodbury,  Rolliston,  60. 

X. 

Ximenes,  Colonel,  53,  64. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 

This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


)    %?^' 


Nnvo4199! 


n       Form  L9-32m-8,'58(5876s4)444 


L-:7y«iOJ?cfcr? 


f 

feeler  - 


y^v^^i^i/K 


Los  Angeles 

1"|!l!|i!|!|!ri||ll|| 


. J- .    --rS  L  006  31 1   469  8 

29    Castine  past  and?1 

C3^^  present-  • 

UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  UBRARY  FACIUTY 


